Hyphenation ofсверхчувствительным

Linguistic Analysis of "сверхчувствительным" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "сверхчувствительным" is an adjective meaning "hyper-sensitive" or "extremely sensitive." It's a relatively complex word with a prefix, root, and several suffixes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

сверх-чув-стви-тель-ным

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: сверх- (sverkh-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Intensifier, meaning "super-" or "over-".
• Root: чувств- (chuvstv-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic čьvъstъ (feeling, sense). Function: Carries the core meaning of "feeling" or "sensitivity".
• Suffix: -и- (-i-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Linking vowel, often found between the root and other suffixes.
• Suffix: -тель- (-tel') - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms agent nouns or adjectives denoting a person or thing possessing the quality described by the root.
• Suffix: -ным (-nym) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix indicating passive voice or a quality possessed.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: чув-стви-тель-ным.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈsʲevrʲɪt͡ɕʉstʲvʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨm/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• сверх- /sʲevrʲ/ - Rule: Onset-rime structure. 'с' is an onset, 'в' is an onset, 'е' is the nucleus, and 'р' is the coda. This syllable is closed.
• чув- /t͡ɕʉst/ - Rule: Onset-rime structure. 'ч' is an onset, 'у' is the nucleus, 'с' is an onset, and 'т' is the coda. This syllable is closed.
• стви- /stʲɪ/ - Rule: Onset-rime structure. 'с' is an onset, 'т' is an onset, 'и' is the nucleus. This syllable is open.
• тель- /tʲelʲ/ - Rule: Onset-rime structure. 'т' is an onset, 'е' is the nucleus, 'л' is the coda. This syllable is closed and stressed.
• ным- /nɨm/ - Rule: Onset-rime structure. 'н' is an onset, 'ы' is the nucleus, 'м' is the coda. This syllable is closed.

7. Exceptions & Special Cases:

Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex. In this word, the consonant clusters are relatively simple and are kept together within syllables. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

The word is an adjective. If it were to be declined, the ending would change, potentially affecting the final syllable. However, the core syllable structure would remain consistent.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: сверхчувствительным (sverkhchuvstvitel'nym)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • Definition: Extremely sensitive, hypersensitive.
  • Translation: Hyper-sensitive, extremely sensitive.
  • Synonyms: восприимчивый (vospriimchivyy - receptive), ранимый (ranimyy - vulnerable)
  • Antonyms: равнодушный (ravnodushnyy - indifferent), нечувствительный (nechuvstvitel'nyy - insensitive)
  • Examples: "Он был сверхчувствительным к критике." (He was hypersensitive to criticism.)
• Grammatical Category: Qualitative adjective, masculine singular, instrumental case.

10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or the degree of palatalization. These variations would not significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• интересным (interesnym) - "interesting" - Syllables: ин-те-рес-ным. Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes.
• ответственным (otvetstvennym) - "responsible" - Syllables: от-вет-ствен-ным. Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
• необходимым (neobkhodimym) - "necessary" - Syllables: не-об-хо-ди-мым. Similar prefixation and suffixation.

The syllable division in all these words follows the same principles of onset-rime structure and avoiding breaking up consonant clusters. The key difference lies in the specific consonants and vowels present, which influence the phonetic realization of each syllable.