Hyphenation ofcontre-indication
Syllable Division:
con-tre-in-di-ca-sion
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/kɔ̃tʁ‿ɛ̃dikasjɔ̃/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001
Stress falls on the last syllable ('-sion') in standard French.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, nasal vowel.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Open syllable, nasal vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, nasal vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: contre-
From Latin 'contra', meaning 'against'. Functions as an intensifier or opposition marker.
Root: indica-
From Latin 'indicare', meaning 'to point out, show'. Denotes a sign or symptom.
Suffix: -tion
From Latin '-tio', forming abstract nouns. Nominalizes the verb.
A reason or factor that prevents something from happening; a circumstance that makes a procedure or treatment inadvisable.
Translation: Contraindication
Examples:
"L'âge avancé est une contre-indication à la chirurgie."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with vowel-consonant alternation and final syllable stress.
Similar syllable structure, final syllable stress.
Similar syllable structure, final syllable stress.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Prioritize creating syllables with consonant onsets whenever possible.
Vowel Clusters
Separate vowel clusters into distinct syllables.
Liaison
Account for liaison between words, treating the connected sounds as part of the same syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The liaison between 'contre' and 'indication' is a key consideration.
The nasal vowels require specific attention in terms of articulation and syllabic weight.
Summary:
The word 'contre-indication' is divided into six syllables: con-tre-in-di-ca-sion. It's a noun derived from Latin roots, with stress on the final syllable. Syllabification follows the principles of maximizing onsets and accounting for liaison and nasal vowels.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "contre-indication"
1. Pronunciation: The word "contre-indication" is pronounced /kɔ̃tʁ‿ɛ̃dikasjɔ̃/ in standard French. The liaison between "contre" and "indication" is common and expected.
2. Syllable Division: The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and respecting vowel clusters, is as follows (using only the original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: contre- (from Latin contra meaning "against") - functions as an intensifier or opposition marker.
- Root: indica- (from Latin indicare meaning "to point out, show") - denotes a sign or symptom.
- Suffix: -tion (from Latin -tio forming abstract nouns) - nominalizes the verb.
4. Stress Identification: In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or a phrase group. In this case, the stress falls on "-tion".
5. Phonetic Transcription: /kɔ̃tʁ‿ɛ̃dikasjɔ̃/
6. Edge Case Review: The liaison between "contre" and "indication" is a crucial aspect of the pronunciation and affects the syllabification. The nasal vowels /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ require careful consideration.
7. Grammatical Role: "Contre-indication" functions primarily as a noun. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical role within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A reason or factor that prevents something from happening; a circumstance that makes a procedure or treatment inadvisable.
- Translation: Contraindication (English)
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
- Synonyms: obstacle, empêchement, contre-avis
- Antonyms: indication, autorisation
- Examples: "L'âge avancé est une contre-indication à la chirurgie." (Advanced age is a contraindication to surgery.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- communication: co-mu-ni-ca-tion - Similar syllable structure with vowel-consonant alternation. Stress on the final syllable.
- information: in-for-ma-tion - Similar syllable structure, final syllable stress.
- organisation: or-ga-ni-sa-tion - Similar syllable structure, final syllable stress. The presence of the nasal vowel in "contre-indication" is a key difference, influencing the preceding consonant's articulation.
10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| con | /kɔ̃/ | Open syllable, nasal vowel | Maximizing onsets, vowel sound | Nasal vowel requires specific articulation |
| tre | /tʁ/ | Closed syllable, consonant cluster | Maximizing onsets | Liaison with the following syllable |
| in | /ɛ̃/ | Open syllable, nasal vowel | Maximizing onsets, vowel sound | Nasal vowel requires specific articulation |
| di | /di/ | Open syllable | Maximizing onsets | |
| ca | /ka/ | Open syllable | Maximizing onsets | |
| sion | /sjɔ̃/ | Closed syllable, nasal vowel | Maximizing onsets, vowel sound | Nasal vowel requires specific articulation |
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Maximize Onsets: Prioritize creating syllables with consonant onsets whenever possible.
- Vowel Clusters: Separate vowel clusters into distinct syllables.
- Liaison: Account for liaison between words, treating the connected sounds as part of the same syllable.
12. Special Considerations: The liaison between "contre" and "indication" is a key consideration. Without it, the syllabification would be slightly different. The nasal vowels also require specific attention in terms of articulation and syllabic weight.
13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations: While the standard pronunciation is /kɔ̃tʁ‿ɛ̃dikasjɔ̃/, some regional variations might exist in the articulation of the /ʁ/ sound (uvular vs. alveolar trill). This doesn't significantly affect the syllabification.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.