Hyphenation ofnegenentwintigjarige
Syllable Division:
ne-gen-en-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈneːɣənˌɛntˈʋɪntɪxjaːrə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00010001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable '-twintig-'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel lengthened.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, vowel lengthened.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable, schwa sound.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: negen
Germanic origin, numeral 'nine'
Root: entwintig
Germanic origin, numeral 'teen'
Suffix: jarige
Germanic origin, adjectival suffix indicating age
Nine-teen-year-old
Translation: Nine-teen-year-old
Examples:
"Een negenentwintigjarige student."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with numeral + age suffix.
Similar structure with numeral + age suffix.
More complex, but shares the *-jarige* suffix and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Lengthening
Vowels are lengthened before voiced consonants.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
Open/Closed Syllables
Syllables ending in a vowel are open; those ending in a consonant are closed.
Stress Placement
Stress typically falls on the penultimate syllable in Dutch words.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'g' sound can have regional variations in pronunciation (/ɣ/ or /x/), but this doesn't affect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'negenentwintigjarige' is an adjective meaning 'nine-teen-year-old'. It's divided into eight syllables with primary stress on '-twintig-'. Syllabification follows Dutch rules of vowel lengthening, consonant clusters, and open/closed syllable structure.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: negenentwintigjarige
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "negenentwintigjarige" (nine-teen-year-old) is a complex adjective in Dutch. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel sounds typical of the language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: negen- (nine) - Germanic origin, numeral.
- Root: entwintig- (teen) - Germanic origin, numeral.
- Suffix: -jarige (year-old) - Germanic origin, adjectival suffix indicating age.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: -twintig-.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈneːɣənˌɛntˈʋɪntɪxjaːrə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch syllabification is generally consistent, but consonant clusters can pose challenges. The 'ntw' cluster is common and typically remains within a single syllable.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Nine-teen-year-old.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Nine-teen-year-old
- Synonyms: (None readily available as it's a specific age)
- Antonyms: (Related to age, e.g., oudere - older, jongere - younger)
- Examples: Een negenentwintigjarige student. (A nineteen-year-old student.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- driejarige (three-year-old): drie-ja-ri-ge - Similar structure with numeral + age suffix. Stress on ja.
- tienjarige (ten-year-old): tien-ja-ri-ge - Similar structure. Stress on ja.
- vijfentwintigjarige (twenty-five-year-old): vijf-en-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge - More complex, but shares the -jarige suffix and similar syllable structure. Stress on twin.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ne | /neː/ | Open syllable, vowel lengthened. | Vowel lengthening before voiced consonants. | None |
| gen | /ɣən/ | Closed syllable. | Consonant cluster 'g' followed by vowel. | None |
| en | /ɛn/ | Closed syllable. | None | |
| twin | /tʋɪn/ | Closed syllable. | Consonant cluster 'tw' followed by vowel. | None |
| tig | /tɪx/ | Closed syllable. | None | |
| ja | /jaː/ | Open syllable, vowel lengthened. | Vowel lengthening in open syllables. | None |
| ri | /ri/ | Closed syllable. | None | |
| ge | /ɣə/ | Closed syllable. | Schwa sound common in unstressed syllables. | None |
Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel Lengthening: Vowels are lengthened before voiced consonants (e.g., ne-, ja-).
- Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters (e.g., tw-, nt-) are generally kept together within a syllable.
- Open vs. Closed Syllables: Syllables ending in a vowel are open; those ending in a consonant are closed.
- Stress Placement: Stress typically falls on the penultimate syllable in Dutch words.
Special Considerations:
The 'g' sound in Dutch can be pronounced as /ɣ/ (voiced velar fricative) or /x/ (voiceless velar fricative) depending on the region and context. This doesn't affect the syllabification.
Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist, but they don't significantly alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.