Hyphenation ofдевяностокилограммовую
Syllable Division:
де-вя-но-сто-ки-ло-грам-мо-вую
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪvʲɪˈno̞stə kʲɪləˈɡramːəvʊjʉ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000101
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('но').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Stressed, open syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, inflectional ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: девяносто-
Proto-Slavic origin, meaning 'ninety'
Root: килограмм-
Greek and French origins, meaning 'kilogram'
Suffix: -овую
Slavic inflectional ending, feminine accusative singular
Ninety-kilogram
Translation: Ninety-kilogram
Examples:
"Девяностокилограммовую сумку было трудно поднять."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and compounding pattern.
Longer prefix, but consistent syllable division rules.
Demonstrates consistent application of syllable division rules.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Boundary
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel.
Consonant Cluster
Syllable division occurs before a consonant if a vowel follows.
Stress
Stress influences vowel quality and length.
Palatalization
Palatalization of consonants influences vowel quality.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before vowels.
The word's inflectional ending influences the final syllable structure.
Summary:
The word 'девяностокилограммовую' is a complex adjective formed through compounding and inflection. Syllable division follows vowel boundaries and consonant clusters, with primary stress on the third syllable. Vowel reduction and palatalization are key phonetic features.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "девяностокилограммовую" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "девяностокилограммовую" is an adjective meaning "ninety-kilogram" (feminine, accusative singular). It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
де-вя-но-сто-ки-ло-грам-мо-вую
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- девяносто- (devyanosto-) - Prefix meaning "ninety". Origin: Proto-Slavic *devętь (nine) + *desętь (ten).
- кило- (kilo-) - Prefix meaning "kilo-". Origin: Greek *khilioi (thousands).
- грамм- (gramm-) - Root meaning "gram". Origin: French *gramme, ultimately from Greek *gramma (weight).
- -овую (-ovuyu) - Suffix indicating feminine, accusative singular, adjectival inflection. Origin: Slavic inflectional endings.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: де-вя-но-сто-ки-ло-грам-мо-вую.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪvʲɪˈno̞stə kʲɪləˈɡramːəvʊjʉ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- де (de) - /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /d/ influences the vowel quality.
- вя (vya) - /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of /v/ influences the vowel quality.
- но (no) - /ˈno/ - Stressed syllable. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality and length.
- сто (sto) - /stə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ки (ki) - /kʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of /k/ influences the vowel quality.
- ло (lo) - /lɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- грам (gram) - /ˈɡram/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a consonant if a vowel follows.
- мо (mo) - /mɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- вую (vuyu) - /vʊjʉ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a consonant if a vowel follows.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllable structure is relatively simple, but vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor. The "o" in "сто" and "мо" is reduced to /ə/ in unstressed positions. The palatalization of consonants before vowels also affects pronunciation.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were part of a verbal construction (hypothetically), the stress pattern might shift, but the syllable division would remain largely the same.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: девяностокилограммовую
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Ninety-kilogram"
- Translation: "Ninety-kilogram"
- Synonyms: None readily available without specifying the noun it modifies.
- Antonyms: (Depending on context) "Легкую" (light), "Малокилограммовую" (few-kilogram)
- Examples: "Девяностокилограммовую сумку было трудно поднять." (The ninety-kilogram bag was difficult to lift.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllable division remains consistent. Some speakers might pronounce unstressed "o" as a slightly more distinct vowel sound.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- стограммовый (stogrammovyy) - "hundred-gram" - сто-грам-мо-вый. Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent division before vowels and after consonants.
- двадцатикилограммовый (dvadtsatikilogrammovyy) - "twenty-kilogram" - двад-ца-ти-ки-ло-грам-мо-вый. More complex, but the same principles apply.
- пятидесятикилограммовый (pyatidesyatkilogrammovyy) - "fifty-kilogram" - пя-ти-де-ся-ти-ки-ло-грам-мо-вый. Demonstrates the consistent application of syllable division rules even with longer prefixes.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.