Hyphenation ofдискредитировавшееся
Syllable Division:
ди-скре-ди-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪskrʲɪdʲɪtʲɪˈrovəvʂɪjəsʲæ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001000
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('ро').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Stressed, open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, linking consonant.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, reflexive particle.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: дис-
From Greek *dys-*, meaning 'bad, ill, difficult'. Negation.
Root: кредит-
From Latin *creditum*, meaning 'trust, belief'. Core meaning.
Suffix: -ирова-,-в-,-ш-,-ее-,-ся
Verbal and participle suffixes forming past active participle.
Having lost credibility; discredited.
Translation: Discredited
Examples:
"Дискредитировавшееся руководство компании ушло в отставку."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar morphological structure and stress pattern.
Similar morphological structure and stress pattern.
Similar morphological structure and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Russian prefers to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
Vowel Center
Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
The reflexive particle '-ся' forms a weak final syllable.
Linking consonant 'в' in 'вав' is often included in the preceding syllable.
Summary:
The word 'дискредитировавшееся' is a past active participle meaning 'discredited'. It's syllabified based on onset maximization and vowel centering, with stress on the fifth syllable. Its morphemic structure reveals a Latin-derived root and multiple suffixes indicating verb formation and grammatical function.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "дискредитировавшееся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "дискредитировавшееся" is a past active participle masculine singular of the verb "дискредитировать" (to discredit). It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
ди-скре-ди-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: дис- (dis-) - From Greek dys- meaning "bad, ill, difficult". Function: Negation, reversal.
- Root: -кредит- (-kredit-) - From Latin creditum meaning "trust, belief". Function: Core meaning related to credit or trust.
- Suffixes:
- -ирова- (-irova-) - Verbal suffix forming verbs of imperfective aspect. Function: Verb formation.
- -в- (-v-) - Infinitival suffix. Function: Verb formation.
- -ш- (-sh-) - Past participle suffix. Function: Forms the past active participle.
- -ее- (-ee-) - Past participle ending, gender/number agreement. Function: Gender/number agreement.
- -ся (-sya) - Reflexive/Passive particle. Function: Indicates a reflexive or passive action.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ди-скре-ди-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪskrʲɪdʲɪtʲɪˈrovəvʂɪjəsʲæ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly impacts pronunciation. The 'о' in 'ро' is reduced to an 'а' sound in unstressed position. The 'е' in 'шее' is also reduced.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as an adjective, describing a noun that has been discredited. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use as a participle modifying a noun.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Discredited, having lost credibility.
- Grammatical Category: Past Active Participle (masculine singular) / Adjective
- Translation: Discredited, having lost credit.
- Synonyms: опозоренный (opozorennyy - disgraced), потерявший доверие (poteryavshiy doveriye - having lost trust)
- Antonyms: уважаемый (uvazhaemyy - respected), авторитетный (avtoritetnyy - authoritative)
- Examples:
- "Дискредитировавшееся руководство компании ушло в отставку." (The discredited leadership of the company resigned.)
- "Он был дискредитировавшееся политик." (He was a discredited politician.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- интерпретировавшееся (interpreted): ин-тер-пре-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся - Similar structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- декредитировавшееся (decredited): де-кре-ди-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся - Similar structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- аккредитировавшееся (accredited): ак-кре-ди-ти-ро-вав-шее-ся - Similar structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
The syllable division is consistent across these words due to the shared morphological structure (verb + -вш- + -ее- + -ся). The primary difference lies in the initial consonant clusters.
10. Division Rules:
- Onset Maximization: Russian prefers to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable.
- Vowel Center: Each syllable must contain a vowel.
- Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are split according to sonority hierarchy, but often remain within the same syllable if possible.
11. Special Considerations:
The presence of the reflexive particle "-ся" often creates a final syllable that is relatively weak and prone to vowel reduction. The 'в' in 'вав' is a linking consonant and is typically included in the preceding syllable.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction.
13. Short Analysis:
"дискредитировавшееся" is a complex past participle formed from a Latin-derived root. Syllabification follows onset maximization and vowel centering principles, with stress on the fifth syllable. The word signifies something or someone having lost credibility and is used as an adjective. Its syllable structure is consistent with similar verb-derived participles in Russian.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.