Hyphenation ofинтернационализируют
Syllable Division:
ин-тер-на-ци-о-на-ли-зу-ют
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪntʲɪrˈnatsɪənəlʲɪzʲɪrʊjʊt/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001000
Primary stress falls on the seventh syllable (ли́), the penultimate syllable.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized onset.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, affricate onset, palatalized.
Open syllable, vowel nucleus.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalized onset.
Closed syllable, onset consonant.
Closed syllable, semivowel onset.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: интер-
Latin origin, meaning 'between, among'
Root: националь-
From 'нация' (nation), ultimately from Latin 'natio'
Suffix: -ют
Personal ending, 3rd person plural present/future
To make international; to internationalize.
Translation: To internationalize
Examples:
"Компании интернационализируют свои рынки."
"Они интернационализируют производство."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'националь-' and similar morphological structure.
Shares the prefix 'интер-' and root 'националь-'
Similar verb ending '-ют' and comparable syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are formed based on consonant-vowel sequences. Consonant clusters are generally maintained within the syllable.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa /ə/ or other reduced forms.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before front vowels (е, и, ю, я).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction is a key factor in Russian syllabification.
Consonant clusters are generally not broken.
Palatalization influences syllable structure.
Summary:
The word 'интернационализируют' is a complex verb formed from Latin-derived morphemes. Syllabification follows the onset-rime principle, with vowel reduction and palatalization playing significant roles. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The syllable division is ин-тер-на-ци-о-на-ли-зу-ют.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "интернационализируют" (internatsionaliziruyut)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "интернационализируют" is a verb meaning "they internationalize." It's a complex word built from multiple morphemes, typical of Russian verb formation. Pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions and consonant assimilation, common in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: интер- (inter-) - Latin origin, meaning "between," "among."
- Root: националь- (natsional-) - From "нация" (natsiya - nation), ultimately from Latin natio.
- Suffix: -из-- (iz-) - A linking suffix, often used in verb formation.
- Suffix: -иру- (iru-) - Verbal suffix indicating an iterative or resultative action, derived from the infinitive suffix.
- Suffix: -ют (-yut) - Personal ending for the 3rd person plural present/future tense.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ин-тер-на-ци-о-на-ли́-зу-ют.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪntʲɪrˈnatsɪənəlʲɪzʲɪrʊjʊt/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| ин | /ɪn/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. Russian allows consonant clusters at the beginning of syllables. | The 'и' is often reduced to a schwa /ə/ in unstressed positions, but here it's relatively clear. |
| тер | /tʲɛr/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'. | |
| на | /nɐ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. Vowel reduction of 'а' to /ɐ/. | |
| ци | /tsʲi/ | Onset-Rime: Affricate-Vowel. Palatalization of 'ц' due to following 'и'. | |
| о | /ɔ/ | Onset-Rime: Vowel. Syllable nucleus. | Vowel reduction is minimal here due to proximity to the stressed syllable. |
| на | /nɐ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. Vowel reduction of 'а' to /ɐ/. | |
| ли | /lʲi/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'и'. | |
| зу | /zʊ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant-Vowel. | |
| ют | /jʊt/ | Onset-Rime: Semivowel-Consonant-Vowel. | The 'ю' is a diphthong, but functions as a single syllable unit. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless a vowel intervenes. The 'ц' cluster is treated as a single onset. Vowel reduction is a significant factor, especially in unstressed syllables.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a verb. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: интернационализируют (internatsionaliziruyut)
- Translation: They internationalize
- Part of Speech: Verb (imperfective)
- Synonyms: глобализируют (globaliziruyut - they globalize), расширяют (rasshiryayut - they expand)
- Antonyms: национализируют (natsionaliziruyut - they nationalize), локализуют (lokalizuyut - they localize)
- Examples:
- "Компании интернационализируют свои рынки." (Kompanii internatsionaliziruyut svoi rynki.) - "Companies are internationalizing their markets."
- "Они интернационализируют производство." (Oni internatsionaliziruyut proizvodstvo.) - "They are internationalizing production."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- национальность (natsional'nost') - nationality: на-ци-о-наль-ность. Similar structure with the root националь-. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
- интернациональный (internatsional'nyi) - international: ин-тер-на-ци-о-наль-ный. Shares the интер- and националь- morphemes. Stress falls on the sixth syllable.
- реализуют (realizuyut) - they realize: ре-а-ли-зу-ют. Similar verb ending -ют and a comparable syllable structure. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.
The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the same phonological rules, particularly regarding consonant clusters and vowel reduction. The differences in stress placement are determined by morphological structure and lexical rules.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.