Hyphenation ofкартофелесортировальную

Linguistic Analysis of "картофелесортировальную" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "картофелесортировальную" is a long, complex adjective meaning "potato-sorting" (feminine singular, instrumental case). It's formed through a series of compounding and affixation processes. Pronunciation involves a relatively consistent vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• картофель (kartofel’) – root, meaning "potato" (borrowed from German "Kartoffel", ultimately from Italian "tartufo" - truffle).
• -е- – linking vowel (connecting the root to the following element).
• сортиров- (sortirov-) – root, derived from the verb "сортировать" (sortirovat’) – "to sort" (borrowed from French "sortir").
• -ова- – suffix, forming a relative adjective (meaning "related to sorting").
• -льн- – suffix, further modifying the adjective.
• -ую – ending, feminine singular, instrumental case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: кар-то-фе-ле-со-рти-ро́-ва-ль-ную.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kɐrʲtɐˈfʲelʲɪsɐrˈtʲirəvɐlʲnʊjʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

The consonant cluster "рт" (rt) is relatively common in Russian and doesn't pose a significant syllabification challenge. The linking vowel "-е-" is crucial for separating the root "картофель" from the rest of the word.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (less common, but possible in certain contexts), the stress pattern would likely remain the same, and the syllabification would not change.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or used for sorting potatoes.
• Translation: Potato-sorting
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine singular, instrumental case)
• Synonyms: None readily available without specifying the context.
• Antonyms: None readily available.
• Examples:
  • "Картофелесортировальная машина" (Kartofelesortiroval'naya mashina) – Potato-sorting machine.
  • "Использовалась картофелесортировальная линия." (Ispol'zovalas' kartofelesortiroval'naya liniya.) – A potato-sorting line was used.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• машиностроительную (mashinostroitel'nuyu) – machine-building (6 syllables) - Similar complex adjective structure with multiple suffixes.
• сельскохозяйственную (sel'skokhozyaystvennuyu) – agricultural (7 syllables) - Another long adjective with compounding and suffixation.
• автомобилестроительную (avtomobilestroitel'nuyu) – automobile-building (7 syllables) - Similar structure, demonstrating the consistent application of syllabification rules to compound adjectives.

The differences in syllable count are due to the varying lengths of the roots and the number of suffixes used. However, the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight vowel reduction differences. However, these variations wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Division Rules Applied:

• Open Syllable Principle: Russian favors syllables ending in vowels.
• Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are generally broken up to create syllables, but not always (e.g., "рт" remains together).
• Linking Vowels: Linking vowels separate morphemes.
• Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to follow a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).