Hyphenation ofсверхчувствительность
Syllable Division:
сверх-чув-стви-тель-ность
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈsʲevrʲx t͡ɕʉvstvʲɪˈtʲelʲnəsʲtʲ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00011
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('тель'), indicated by '1'. The remaining syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster, reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, stressed syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: сверх-
Proto-Slavic origin, intensifier meaning 'super-' or 'over-'
Root: чувств-
Proto-Slavic origin, related to 'чувствовать' (to feel)
Suffix: -ность
Slavic origin, forms an abstract noun denoting a quality
Hypersensitivity; an exaggerated reaction to stimuli.
Translation: Hypersensitivity
Examples:
"У него сверхчувствительность к солнечному свету."
"Сверхчувствительность кожи может быть признаком аллергии."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'чувств-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the suffix '-ность' and follows similar syllabification rules.
Demonstrates a different consonant cluster breakdown but adheres to the same onset maximization principles.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Russian syllabification aims to maximize consonant onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables with a single consonant onset, as seen in 'вств' becoming 'чув-стви'.
Vowel Nucleus
Each syllable must contain a vowel nucleus. Vowels in unstressed syllables are often reduced.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation and can affect the phonetic realization of syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before vowels influences syllable structure and pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'сверхчувствительность' is a complex noun with five syllables, stressed on the fifth syllable ('тель'). Syllabification follows the principle of maximizing onsets, breaking up consonant clusters. It's formed from the prefix 'сверх-', root 'чувств-', and suffixes '-итель-' and '-ность'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "сверхчувствительность" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "сверхчувствительность" (sverkhchuvstvitel'nost') denotes "hypersensitivity." It's a complex noun formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
сверх-чув-стви-тель-ность
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: сверх- (sverkh-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Intensifier, meaning "super-" or "over-".
- Root: чувств- (chuvstv-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic čьstvъ, related to "чувствовать" (chuvstvovat') - "to feel". Function: Expresses the core meaning of feeling or sensation.
- Suffix: -итель- (-itel') - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms a noun denoting an agent or someone/something possessing the quality described by the root.
- Suffix: -ность (-nost') - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms an abstract noun denoting a quality or state.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: сверх-чув-стви-тель-ность.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈsʲevrʲx t͡ɕʉvstvʲɪˈtʲelʲnəsʲtʲ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a single consonant onset. The "вств" cluster is a common example where this rule applies.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is exclusively a noun. Its morphological structure doesn't allow for inflection into other parts of speech without significant alteration. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of case.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Hypersensitivity; an exaggerated reaction to stimuli.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, inanimate)
- Translation: Hypersensitivity
- Synonyms: повышенная чувствительность (povyshennaya chuvstvitel'nost') - increased sensitivity, особая чувствительность (osobaya chuvstvitel'nost') - special sensitivity.
- Antonyms: равнодушие (ravnodushie) - indifference, безразличие (bezrazlichie) - apathy.
- Examples:
- "У него сверхчувствительность к солнечному свету." (U nego sverkhchuvstvitel'nost' k solnechnomu svetu.) - "He has hypersensitivity to sunlight."
- "Сверхчувствительность кожи может быть признаком аллергии." (Sverkhchuvstvitel'nost' kozhi mozhet byt' priznakom allergii.) - "Skin hypersensitivity can be a sign of allergy."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- чувство (chuvstvo) - feeling: чув-ство (chuv-stvo) - Similar syllable structure, with the root "чувств-" appearing in both. Stress falls on the first syllable in "чувство".
- ответственность (otvetstvennost') - responsibility: от-вет-ствен-ность (ot-vet-stven-nost') - Shares the "-ность" suffix. Syllable division follows similar onset maximization principles. Stress falls on the third syllable.
- уязвимость (uzvazhimost') - vulnerability: у-яз-ви-мость (u-yaz-vi-most') - Demonstrates a different consonant cluster breakdown ("яз"), but still adheres to the principle of maximizing onsets. Stress falls on the third syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the morphological weight and phonetic characteristics of the prefixes and roots in each word.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.