Hyphenation ofспектрофотометрическими
Syllable Division:
спе́к-тро-фо-то-ме-три-чес-ки-ми
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈspʲɛktra fɐtɐˈmʲetrʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪmʲɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000100
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('спе́ктро').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: спектро-
From Greek *spectrum*, meaning 'image, appearance'.
Root: метр-
From Greek *metron*, meaning 'measure'.
Suffix: фото-ическ-ими
Combination of prefixes and suffixes indicating quality, belonging, and instrumental plural.
Relating to spectrophotometry.
Translation: Spectrophotometric
Examples:
"спектрофотометрическими методами"
"спектрофотометрические измерения"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and suffixation.
Similar ending and suffixation.
Similar length and complexity, demonstrating consistent syllabification.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Rule
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation but does not affect syllable division.
The instrumental plural suffix (-ими) is consistently applied.
Summary:
The word 'спектрофотометрическими' is a complex Russian adjective with nine syllables, stressed on the third syllable. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, dividing the word before vowels and handling consonant clusters appropriately. It's formed from Greek and Latin roots and suffixes, indicating a technical term related to spectrophotometry.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "спектрофотометрическими"
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "спектрофотометрическими" (spektrofotómetricheskimi) is a Russian adjective meaning "spectrophotometric." It's a complex word formed from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- спектро- (spektro-): Prefix, from Greek spectrum meaning "image, appearance," related to light. Function: Indicates relating to the spectrum.
- фото- (foto-): Prefix, from Greek phos meaning "light." Function: Indicates relating to light.
- метр- (metr-): Root, from Greek metron meaning "measure." Function: Indicates measurement.
- ическ- (-ichesk-): Suffix, derived from the suffix -ич- (-ich) and -еск- (-esk). Function: Forms adjectives denoting quality or belonging to.
- ими (-imi): Suffix, instrumental plural. Function: Indicates the instrumental plural case, often used to describe by means of something.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: спе́ктрофотометрическими.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈspʲɛktra fɐtɐˈmʲetrʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪmʲɪ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- спе́к- (/spʲɛk/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- тро- (/trɐ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- фо- (/fɐ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- то- (/tɐ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- ме- (/mʲe/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- три- (/trʲɪ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- чес- (/t͡ɕɪs/): Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. No exceptions.
- ки- (/kʲɪ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- ми (/mʲɪ/): Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, in this case, the divisions are relatively straightforward and follow standard rules.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used attributively or predicatively).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- спектрофотометрическими (spektrofotómetricheskimi)
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Translation: Spectrophotometric
- Synonyms: (None readily available as it's a highly specific technical term)
- Antonyms: (None readily available)
- Examples: "спектрофотометрическими методами" (by spectrophotometric methods), "спектрофотометрические измерения" (spectrophotometric measurements).
- Grammatical Category: Adjective, plural, instrumental case.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on regional accents. However, these variations wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- электрокардиографическими (elektrokardiograficheskimi): Similar syllable structure, stress on the third syllable. Demonstrates consistent syllabification rules for complex words with multiple prefixes and suffixes.
- геофизическими (geofizicheskimi): Similar ending (-скими), stress on the third syllable. Shows consistent application of the -ическ- suffix and instrumental plural formation.
- химиотерапевтическими (khimioterapevticheskimi): Similar length and complexity, stress on the third syllable. Illustrates the consistent application of syllabification rules even with longer words.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.