Hyphenation ofантидемократическая
Syllable Division:
ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ская
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐnʲtʲɪdʲɪmɐˈkratʲɪt͡ɕɪskəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: 'ти' in 'крати'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: анти-
Greek origin, meaning 'against'
Root: демократ-
From Greek 'demos' and 'kratos', meaning 'rule by the people'
Suffix: -ическ-ая
Slavic origin, forms adjectives denoting belonging or relation, feminine singular nominative/accusative ending
Opposed to democracy; undemocratic.
Translation: Antidemocratic
Examples:
"антидемократическая политика"
"антидемократические тенденции"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'демократ-' and similar suffixation.
Similar suffixation and syllable structure.
Similar suffixation and syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Russian syllabification generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel).
Vowel Nucleus
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
Consonant Cluster Closure
Consonant clusters can close syllables, as seen in 'ская'.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables affects pronunciation but not written syllable division.
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
Summary:
The word 'антидемократическая' is divided into eight syllables based on vowel nuclei and open syllable preference. It's a complex adjective formed through prefixation and suffixation, with stress on the fifth syllable. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, with minor phonetic variations possible due to vowel reduction.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "антидемократическая" (antidemocraticheskaya)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "антидемократическая" is a complex adjective meaning "antidemocratic." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ская
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: анти- (anti-) - Greek origin, meaning "against," "opposite."
- Root: демократ- (demokrat-) - From Greek "demos" (people) and "kratos" (power/rule), meaning "rule by the people."
- Suffix: -ическ- (ichesk-) - Slavic origin, forms adjectives denoting belonging or relation.
- Suffix: -ая (-aya) - Slavic origin, feminine singular nominative/accusative adjective ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: де-мо-кра-ти-че-ская.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐnʲtʲɪdʲɪmɐˈkratʲɪt͡ɕɪskəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- ан- /ɐnʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- де- /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- мо- /mɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- кра- /kratʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- че- /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- ская /skəjə/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster "sk" allows syllable closure.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally favors open syllables. The presence of consonant clusters like "sk" doesn't prevent syllable division, but they form closed syllables. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Opposed to democracy; undemocratic.
- Translation: Antidemocratic
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: недемократичный (nedemokraticchnyy), авторитарный (avtoritarnyy)
- Antonyms: демократический (demokraticheskiy)
- Examples: "антидемократическая политика" (antidemocratic policy), "антидемократические тенденции" (antidemocratic tendencies).
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, slight variations in vowel reduction can occur depending on dialect. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- демократия (demokratiya): де-мо-кра-ти-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
- автоматический (avtomaticheskiy): ав-то-ма-ти-че-ский. Similar suffixation and syllable structure. Stress on the fifth syllable.
- политический (politicheskiy): по-ли-ти-че-ский. Similar suffixation and syllable structure. Stress on the fifth syllable.
The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the regular application of Russian syllabification rules. The presence of suffixes like "-ическ-" and "-ский" consistently leads to similar syllable patterns.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.