Hyphenation ofантидемократическими

Linguistic Analysis of "антидемократическими" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "антидемократическими" is a complex adjective meaning "antidemocratic" in English. It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets, is as follows (using only original letters):

ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ски-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: анти- (anti-) - Greek origin, negation.
• Root: демократи- (democrati-) - Greek origin, relating to democracy.
• Suffix: -ческими (-skimi) - Slavic origin, adjectival suffix indicating instrumental plural. This suffix is a combination of several suffixes: -ск- (-sk-), -и- (-i), and -ми (-mi).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "кра" (kra).

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɐnʲtʲɪdʲɪmɐˈkratʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪmʲɪ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• ан (an): /ɐn/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus. No exceptions.
• ти (ti): /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. Potential exception: Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'.
• де (de): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above. Potential exception: Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'е'.
• мо (mo): /mɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɐ/ in an unstressed position.
• кра (kra): /ˈkratʲɪ/ - Closed syllable (stressed). Rule: Stress determines vowel quality and prevents reduction. 'р' forms an onset.
• ти (ti): /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as syllable 'ти' above. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'.
• че (t͡ɕe): /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: 'ч' is a single phoneme acting as an onset.
• ски (ski): /skʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: 'ск' forms an onset. Palatalization of 'к' due to following 'и'.
• ми (mi): /mʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: 'м' forms an onset. Palatalization of 'м' due to following 'и'.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification prioritizes maximizing onsets. The presence of palatalized consonants (indicated by the 'ʲ' in the IPA) influences syllable boundaries, as palatalization often creates a tighter phonetic bond with the following vowel. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used attributively or predicatively).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: антидемократическими
• Translation: antidemocratic
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: недемократичными (nedemokratichnymi - undemocratic), авторитарными (avtoritarnymi - authoritarian)
• Antonyms: демократичными (demokratichnymi - democratic)
• Examples: "Антидемократическими методами" (Antidemocratic methods), "Антидемократическими законами" (Antidemocratic laws).

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel reduction can occur depending on dialect. However, these variations do not significantly alter syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• демократия (demokratiya): де-мо-кра-ти-я (de-mo-kra-ti-ya) - Similar root structure, demonstrating consistent syllabification of 'кра' and 'ти'.
• автоматически (avtomaticheski): ав-то-ма-ти-че-ски (av-to-ma-ti-che-ski) - Shows similar application of onset maximization and vowel reduction.
• политическими (politicheskimi): по-ли-ти-че-ски-ми (po-li-ti-che-ski-mi) - Demonstrates the consistent application of the -скими suffix and its syllabification.