Hyphenation ofантидемократические
Syllable Division:
ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ски-е
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐnʲtʲɪdʲɪmɐˈkratʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010001
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable, '-ти-' (ti-).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: анти-
Greek origin, meaning 'against'.
Root: демократ-
From Greek 'demos' and 'kratos', meaning 'rule by the people'.
Suffix: -ическ-ие
Slavic origin, forms adjectives.
Opposed to democracy; undemocratic.
Translation: Antidemocratic
Examples:
"Антидемократические тенденции."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'демократ-' and similar syllable structure.
Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus Rule
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Each syllable contains one vowel sound.
Maximizing Onsets
Russian syllabification tends to maximize onsets (consonant-vowel sequences).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'е'.
Potential regional variations in vowel pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'антидемократические' is syllabified as ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ски-е, with stress on the sixth syllable. It's a complex adjective formed through prefixation and suffixation, following standard Russian syllabification rules based on vowel nuclei and maximizing onsets, with considerations for vowel reduction and palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "антидемократические" (antidemokraticheskiye)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "антидемократические" (antidemokraticheskiye) is a complex adjective meaning "antidemocratic." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
ан-ти-де-мо-кра-ти-че-ски-е
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: анти- (anti-) - Greek origin, meaning "against," "opposite."
- Root: демократ- (demokrat-) - From Greek "demos" (people) and "kratos" (power/rule), meaning "rule by the people."
- Suffix: -ическ- (ichesk-) - Slavic origin, forms adjectives denoting belonging to or relating to.
- Suffix: -ие (-iye) - Slavic origin, forms adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ти-" (ti-) in "де-мо-кра-ти-че-ски-е".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐnʲtʲɪdʲɪmɐˈkratʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- ан- /ɐnʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- де- /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- мо- /mɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above. Vowel reduction occurs here.
- кра- /kratʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above. This syllable receives the primary stress.
- че- /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- ски- /skʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- е /jə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable formed around the final vowel.
7. Edge Case Review & Exceptions:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets (consonant-vowel sequences). However, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables can make phonetic realization different from the orthographic representation. The palatalization of consonants before 'е' is a key feature.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: антидемократические (antidemokraticheskiye)
- Translation: Antidemocratic
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: недемократичные (nedemokratichnyye), ненародные (nenarodnyye)
- Antonyms: демократические (demokraticheskiye)
- Example: "Антидемократические тенденции" (Antidemocratic tendencies)
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly alter the degree of palatalization.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- демократия (demokratiya): де-мо-кра-ти-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on "-ти-".
- автоматические (avtomaticheskiye): ав-то-ма-ти-че-ски-е. Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
- политические (politicheskiye): по-ли-ти-че-ски-е. Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
The consistency in syllable structure and stress placement across these words demonstrates the regularity of Russian phonological rules. The primary difference lies in the initial consonant clusters, which dictate the initial syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.