Hyphenation ofвысококвалифицированную

Linguistic Analysis of "высококвалифицированную" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высококвалифицированную" is a long, complex adjective meaning "highly qualified" (feminine singular, accusative case). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates completion, intensity, or direction 'out'.
• Root: сок- (sok-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Related to 'juice', but here forms part of the root meaning 'skill' or 'ability' in combination with other morphemes.
• Suffixes: -о- (-o-) - connecting vowel; -квали- (-kvali-) - from Latin 'qualitas' (quality); -фици- (-fici-) - from Latin 'facere' (to do); -рованн- (-rovann-) - passive participle suffix; -ую (-uyu) - feminine singular accusative case ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: вы-со-ко-квали-фи́-ци-ро-ван-ную.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐkɐkvalʲɪfʲɪtsɨˈrovənːəjʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• вы- /vɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. No exceptions.
• со- /sɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Vowel reduction (о to а in unstressed position).
• ко- /kɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Vowel reduction (о to а in unstressed position).
• квали- /kvalʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Palatalization of 'к' before 'и'.
• фи́- /fʲɪ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Palatalization of 'ф' before 'и'. Stress causes full vowel pronunciation.
• ци- /tsɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel.
• ро- /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Vowel reduction (о to а in unstressed position).
• ван- /vən/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel.
• ную /nːəjʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Geminate 'н' due to the suffix. Vowel reduction (у to у in unstressed position).

7. Edge Case Review:

The long consonant cluster "квалифицированную" is typical of Russian morphology, but requires careful syllabification to avoid creating unnatural syllable boundaries. The vowel reduction rules are crucial for accurate pronunciation.

8. Grammatical Role:

The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether the word is used as an adjective modifying a noun. However, the case ending changes, affecting the final syllable.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• высококвалифицированную (vysokokvalifitsirovannuyu)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • "Highly qualified"
    • "Translation": Highly skilled, possessing a high level of expertise.
  • Synonyms: опытная (opytnaya - experienced), компетентная (kompetentnaya - competent)
  • Antonyms: неквалифицированную (nekvalifitsirovannuyu - unqualified)
  • Examples:
    • "Она получила высококвалифицированную помощь." (Ona poluchila vysokokvalifitsirovannuyu pomoshch'.) - "She received highly qualified assistance."
    • "Нам нужен высококвалифицированный специалист." (Nam nuzhen vysokokvalifitsirovanny spetsialist.) - "We need a highly qualified specialist."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• квалификация (kvalifikatsiya) - "qualification" - Syllables: к-ва-ли-фи-ка-ци-я. Similar structure, with the 'квали' root.
• неквалифицированный (nekvalifitsirovanny) - "unqualified" - Syllables: не-ква-ли-фи-ци-ро-ван-ный. Similar structure, with the 'квали' root and the '-рованн-' suffix.
• специалист (spetsialist) - "specialist" - Syllables: спе-ци-а-лист. Different root, but demonstrates the typical Russian pattern of consonant-vowel alternation in syllables.

The differences in syllable division arise primarily from the varying prefixes and suffixes, but the core principle of consonant-vowel syllable structure remains consistent.