Hyphenation ofвысокопринципиальная

Linguistic Analysis of "высокопринципиальная" (vysokoprint︠s︡ipial’naya)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "высокопринципиальная" (vysokoprint︠s︡ipial’naya) is a feminine singular adjective meaning "highly principled." It's a complex word formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian. The 'о' vowel in unstressed positions often reduces to a schwa-like sound /ə/ or disappears entirely. The 'ц' represents a palatalized alveolar affricate.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters where possible, the word divides as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: высоко- (vysoko-) - From Old East Slavic vъsokъ meaning "high." Function: Intensifier, indicating a high degree of the quality described by the root.
• Root: принципиальн- (printsipial’n-) - Derived from the borrowed word "принцип" (printsip) - "principle" (from Latin principium). Function: Core meaning relating to principles.
• Suffix: -ая (-aya) - Feminine singular adjectival ending. Function: Grammatical gender and case marking.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: вы-со-ко-прин-ци-пи-а́ль-на-я.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/vɨsɐkɐprʲɪntsʲɪpʲɪˈalʲnəjə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• вы- (vy-): /ˈvɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
• со- (so-): /ˈsɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɐ/.
• ко- (ko-): /ˈkɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɐ/.
• при- (pri-): /prʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable unless they are unpronounceable. Palatalization of 'п' before 'и'.
• ци- (tsi-): /ntsʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
• пи- (pi-): /pʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Palatalization of 'п' before 'и'.
• а́ль- (al’-): /ˈalʲ/ - Stressed syllable. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality.
• на- (na-): /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Vowel reduction of 'а' to /ə/.
• я (ya): /ˈjə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel.

7. Edge Case Review:

The consonant cluster "принц" is a common occurrence in Russian borrowings and is generally treated as a single unit within a syllable. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a consistent feature and doesn't present an edge case.

8. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the syllabification and stress remain consistent. If the word were to be declined, the ending would change, but the core syllable structure would remain the same.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: высокопринципиальная (vysokoprint︠s︡ipial’naya)
• Translation: Highly principled
• Part of Speech: Adjective (feminine singular)
• Synonyms: принципиальная (printsipial’naya - principled), твердая (tverdaya - firm)
• Antonyms: беспринципная (besprintsipial’naya - unprincipled), непоследовательная (neposledovatel’naya - inconsistent)
• Examples:
  • "Она - высокопринципиальная женщина." (Ona - vysokoprint︠s︡ipial’naya zhenshchina.) - "She is a highly principled woman."
  • "Его высокопринципиальная позиция не допускала компромиссов." (Ego vysokoprint︠s︡ipial’naya pozitsiya ne dopuscala kompromissov.) - "His highly principled stance did not allow for compromises."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as described above, some regional variations might exhibit slightly different degrees of vowel reduction. However, the syllable division remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильная (avtomobil’naya): a-vto-mo-bi-l’na-ya. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
• информационная (informatsionnaya): in-for-ma-tsi-on-na-ya. Similar vowel reduction patterns in unstressed syllables.
• ответственность (otvetstvennost’): ot-vet-stven-nost’. Demonstrates consonant cluster handling and stress placement.

The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word, but the underlying rules of Russian syllabification remain consistent.