Hyphenation ofдвенадцатиградусными

Linguistic Analysis of "двенадцатиградусными" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "двенадцатиградусными" is a complex adjective meaning "twelve-degree" (in the instrumental plural). It's a highly inflected form, typical of Russian. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions, common in unstressed syllables.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-ны-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: две- (dve-) - Indo-European origin, meaning "two". Functions as a numeral prefix.
• Root: -надцать (-nadtsat') - Slavic origin, meaning "teen". Forms part of the numeral "twelve".
• Suffix: -градус- (-gradus-) - Latin origin (from gradus meaning "step, degree"). Indicates degree (temperature, angle, etc.).
• Suffix: -ны- (-ny-) - Russian inflectional suffix indicating plural.
• Suffix: -ми (-mi) - Russian inflectional suffix indicating instrumental plural case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "гра" (gra).

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡t͡sətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnɨmʲɪ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• две (dve) - /dvʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. The 'в' (v) is followed by a vowel, creating a syllable.
• на (na) - /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Similar to above, vowel 'а' forms the nucleus.
• дца (tsa) - /ˈd͡t͡sətʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ц' (ts) is followed by a vowel.
• ти (ti) - /ˈtʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'т' (t) is followed by a vowel.
• гра (gra) - /ɡrɐ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Vowel 'а' forms the nucleus, and the syllable receives stress.
• дус (dus) - /ˈdus/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'дс' (ds) is followed by a vowel.
• ны (ny) - /nɨ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'н' (n) is followed by a vowel.
• ми (mi) - /mʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'м' (m) is followed by a vowel.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification with consonant clusters, but the above breakdown is the most common and phonologically justifiable. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it's used attributively or predicatively.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: двенадцатиградусными (dvenadtsatigradusnymi)
• Translation: twelve-degree (instrumental plural)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: (None readily available without specifying the context - e.g., "двенадцатиградусная температура" - twelve-degree temperature)
• Antonyms: (Context-dependent)
• Examples:
  • "Обработка поверхности проводилась двенадцатиградусными алмазами." (The surface was treated with twelve-degree diamonds.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the core pronunciation is standard, some regional variations might involve slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization of consonants. These variations wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• восемнадцатиэтажный (vosemnadtsatietazhnyy) - "eighteen-story" - Syllable division: во-сем-над-ца-ти-э-таж-ный. Similar structure with numeral prefix and complex suffixes.
• шестнадцатилетний (shestnadtsatiletniy) - "sixteen-year-old" - Syllable division: шест-над-ца-ти-лет-ний. Similar numeral prefix and suffix structure.
• тринадцатилетний (trinadtsatiletniy) - "thirteen-year-old" - Syllable division: три-над-ца-ти-лет-ний. Again, similar structure.

The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of standard Russian syllabification rules based on vowel nuclei and consonant clusters. The presence of numeral prefixes and inflectional suffixes contributes to the complexity of the syllable structure.