Hyphenation ofдвенадцатиградусном

Linguistic Analysis of "двенадцатиградусном" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "двенадцатиградусном" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "twelve-degree" (in the instrumental singular case). It's formed from multiple morphemes and presents challenges in syllabification due to consonant clusters and vowel reduction. The pronunciation involves palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и', and unstressed vowels are reduced.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):

две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-ном

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• две- (dve-) - Prefix, meaning "two" or "twelve". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Morphological function: numeral prefix.
• -надцати (-nadtsati) - Root, derived from "надцать" (nadtsat') meaning "teen". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Morphological function: numeral root.
• -градус- (-gradus-) - Root, meaning "degree". Origin: Latin gradus. Morphological function: lexical root.
• -ном (-nom) - Suffix, instrumental singular case ending for masculine/neuter adjectives. Origin: Proto-Slavic. Morphological function: grammatical case marker.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-дус-": две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-ном.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡zætʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəm/

6. Edge Case Review:

Consonant clusters like "дц" (dz) and "ст" (st) require careful consideration. Russian allows for syllables to end in consonants, which is common in this word. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it modifies a noun.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: двенадцатиградусном (dvenadtsatigradusnom)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Translation: twelve-degree
• Synonyms: None readily available as it's a specific numerical descriptor.
• Antonyms: None readily available.
• Examples:
  • "Двенадцатиградусном морозе" (Dvenadtsatigradusnom moroze) - "In twelve-degree frost."
  • "Двенадцатиградусном угле" (Dvenadtsatigradusnom uglo) - "In a twelve-degree angle."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• десятиградусном (desyatigradusnom) - ten-degree: Syllable division: де-ся-ти-гра-дус-ном. Similar structure, differing only in the initial numeral component.
• восьмиградусном (vos'migradusnom) - eight-degree: Syllable division: вось-ми-гра-дус-ном. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
• пятиградусном (pyatigradusnom) - five-degree: Syllable division: пя-ти-гра-дус-ном. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.

The consistent "-гра-дус-ном" ending demonstrates the regularity of the suffix and root combination. The differences lie in the initial numeral prefixes, which follow similar syllabification patterns.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants grouped according to their sonority.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up based on the possibility of a vowel insertion (though this doesn't happen in this case) or by assigning consonants to adjacent syllables.
• Rule 3: Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced, but this doesn't affect syllable division.

11. Special Considerations:

The palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'и' influences pronunciation but doesn't change the orthographic syllable division. The instrumental case ending "-ном" is a common suffix and doesn't present any unusual syllabification challenges.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant pronunciation. However, these variations generally don't alter the syllable division.