Hyphenation ofдвенадцатиградусной

Linguistic Analysis of "двенадцатиградусной" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "двенадцатиградусной" (dvenadtsatigradusnoy) is a feminine singular adjective meaning "twelve-degree" or "of twelve degrees." It's a complex word formed through multiple morphological processes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-ной

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: две- (dve-) - From Proto-Slavic dъvě, meaning "two." Indicates a quantity of two.
• Root: -надцать- (-nadtsat'-) - From Proto-Slavic nъdesętь, meaning "ten." Forms part of the numeral "twelve."
• Root: -градус- (-gradus-) - Borrowed from Latin gradus meaning "step, degree." Indicates degree.
• Suffix: -ной (-noy) - Adjectival suffix, feminine singular, indicating belonging or relation. Derived from Proto-Slavic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: гра-дус-ной.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡t͡sətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure. The 'ст' cluster in 'двенадцатиградусной' is a typical example.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. If it were used as part of a compound noun (less common), the stress pattern would likely remain the same, but the syllabification might be perceived differently in speech.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or measuring twelve degrees.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine singular)
• Translation: Twelve-degree, of twelve degrees
• Synonyms: (Context-dependent, relating to temperature or angles) - двенадцатиградусная температура (twelve-degree temperature)
• Antonyms: (Context-dependent) - тринадцатиградусная (thirteen-degree)
• Examples:
  • "Двенадцатиградусная температура воздуха была комфортной." (The twelve-degree air temperature was comfortable.)
  • "Угол наклона был двенадцатиградусной." (The angle of inclination was twelve degrees.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• двадцатиградусной (dvadtsatigradusnoy): "Twenty-degree." Syllabification: два-дца-ти-гра-дус-ной. Similar structure, differing only in the initial numeral component.
• тринадцатиградусной (trinadtsatigradusnoy): "Thirteen-degree." Syllabification: три-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-ной. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral component.
• шестиградусной (shestigradusnoy): "Six-degree." Syllabification: шес-ти-гра-дус-ной. Shorter initial numeral component, but the same suffix and root structure.

The consistent presence of the "-градус-ной" suffix and the application of the same syllabification rules (maximizing onsets, breaking consonant clusters) demonstrate the regularity of the process.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

Division Rules Applied:

1. Maximizing Onsets: Russian prefers syllables to begin with consonants whenever possible.
2. Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure.
3. Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality.
4. Stress Placement: Stress influences vowel pronunciation and can affect syllabification perception.

Special Considerations:

• The palatalization of consonants before /ɪ/ is a common feature of Russian phonology.
• Vowel reduction is significant and affects the perceived length and quality of unstressed syllables.
• The word's length and complexity require careful application of syllabification rules.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent.