Hyphenation ofдвенадцатиградусному
Syllable Division:
две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-но-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡t͡sətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
The primary stress falls on the syllable '-дус-' (-dus-), which is the sixth syllable in the word.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, pre-stress.
Closed syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: две-
Proto-Slavic origin, numeral prefix meaning 'two' or 'twelve'.
Root: -надцати
Proto-Slavic origin, numeral root related to 'thirteen' but functioning as part of 'twelve'.
Suffix: -градус-но-му
Latin-derived root 'gradus' meaning 'degree', connected by linking suffix '-но-' and case/gender suffix '-му'.
Relating to twelve degrees (of angle or temperature).
Translation: Twelve-degree
Examples:
"Угол в двенадцатиградусному положении."
"Двенадцатиградусному морозу."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure, differing only in the initial numeral component.
Longer initial numeral, but the core structure remains consistent.
Similar to 'двенадцатиградусному', demonstrating consistent handling of the '-надцати' component.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Russian favors open syllables (ending in a vowel), leading to divisions like 'две-' and 'на-'.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable unless easily separable, as seen in 'гра-дус-'.
Vowel-Based Division
Syllables are often divided based on vowel boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction (akan'ye/ikan'ye) affects pronunciation but not orthographic syllabification.
The complex numeral 'двенадцати' requires careful application of the rules.
Summary:
The word 'двенадцатиградусному' is syllabified as две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-но-му, with stress on '-дус-'. It's a complex adjective formed from a numeral prefix, a numeral root, a Latin-derived root, and grammatical suffixes. Syllable division follows Russian rules prioritizing open syllables and consonant cluster integrity.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "двенадцатиградусному" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "двенадцатиградусному" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "twelve-degree" (in the context of angles or temperature) or "relating to twelve degrees". It's a masculine, instrumental singular form. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables and avoid breaking consonant clusters where possible, the division is as follows (using only original letters):
две-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-но-му
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- две- (dve-): Prefix meaning "two" or "twelve". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Morphological function: numeral prefix.
- -надцати (-nadtsati): Root relating to the number "thirteen" but functioning here as part of the numeral "twelve". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Morphological function: numeral root.
- -градус- (-gradus-): Root meaning "degree". Origin: Latin gradus. Morphological function: lexical root.
- -но- (-no-): Linking suffix. Origin: Russian. Morphological function: connects the root to the adjectival ending.
- -му (-mu): Suffix indicating masculine, instrumental singular case. Origin: Russian. Morphological function: case/gender marking.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-дус-" (-dus-).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡t͡sətʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The cluster "ст" (st) is generally treated as a single unit within a syllable. Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) is significant in unstressed syllables, affecting the phonetic realization of vowels.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (though rare), the stress and syllabification would remain the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to twelve degrees (of angle or temperature).
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Twelve-degree
- Synonyms: (Context-dependent) relating to a specific angle or temperature.
- Antonyms: (Context-dependent) relating to a different degree.
- Examples:
- "Угол в двенадцатиградусному положении." (The angle is in a twelve-degree position.)
- "Двенадцатиградусному морозу." (In twelve-degree frost.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- десятиградусному (desyatigradusnomu) - ten-degree: Syllable division: де-ся-ти-гра-дус-но-му. Similar structure, differing only in the initial numeral component.
- восемнадцатиградусному (vosemnadtsatigradusnomu) - eighteen-degree: Syllable division: во-сем-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-но-му. Longer initial numeral, but the core structure remains consistent.
- тринадцатиградусному (trinadtsatigradusnomu) - thirteen-degree: Syllable division: три-на-дца-ти-гра-дус-но-му. Similar to "двенадцатиградусному", demonstrating the consistent handling of the "-надцати" component.
The key difference in these examples lies in the initial numeral, which affects the number of initial syllables. However, the "-градусному" portion consistently forms three syllables.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). This explains the division between "две-" and "на-".
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Handling: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable unless they are easily separable (e.g., a sonorant + obstruent). This applies to "ст" in "гра-дус-".
- Rule 3: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are often divided based on vowel boundaries.
11. Special Considerations:
The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (akan'ye/ikan'ye) is a significant factor in pronunciation but doesn't directly affect the orthographic syllabification. The complex numeral "двенадцати" requires careful consideration, but the established rules apply consistently.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations in vowel reduction might occur. However, these variations wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.