Hyphenation ofденационализирована
Syllable Division:
де-на-ци-о-на-ли-зи-ро-ва-на
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪnɐt͡sʲɪjɐlʲɪˈzʲirəvənə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010010101
Primary stress falls on the eighth syllable ('ро' - ro).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, contains affricate.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: де-
Latin origin, meaning 'removal of'
Root: националь-
Derived from 'нация' (nation)
Suffix: -изи-рова-на
Verb formation suffix and past passive participle suffix
Deprived of national characteristics; returned to private ownership after nationalization.
Translation: Denationalized
Examples:
"Фабрика была денационализирована."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'националь-' root and similar vowel-consonant structure.
Shares the 'националь-' root and similar syllable structure.
Demonstrates consistent syllable division rules with a longer word.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Boundary
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel sound.
Consonant Cluster
Consonant clusters are broken before vowels, but affricates are treated as single units.
Palatalization
Palatalization of consonants influences pronunciation but doesn't alter syllable division.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants affects pronunciation but not syllable division.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (e.g., 'на' becoming /nə/).
Summary:
The word 'денационализирована' is a complex past passive participle formed from multiple morphemes. Syllable division follows the rule of dividing before vowels, with considerations for consonant clusters and palatalization. Stress falls on the eighth syllable. The word means 'denationalized' and is used to describe the reversal of nationalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "денационализирована" (denatsionalizirovana)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "денационализирована" is a past passive participle feminine singular form of the verb "денационализировать" (denatsionalizirovat'), meaning "to denationalize." It's a complex word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a series of consonants and vowels, with stress playing a crucial role in distinguishing syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- де- (de-): Prefix of Latin origin, meaning "removal of," "reversal of." (Prefix)
- националь- (natsional-): Root, derived from "нация" (natsiya - nation). (Root)
- -изи- (-izi-): Interfix, common in Russian verb formation, often linking the root to the suffix. (Suffix)
- -рова- (-rova-): Suffix indicating past passive participle, feminine gender. (Suffix)
- -на (-na): Ending indicating feminine singular past passive participle. (Suffix)
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: де-на-ци-о-на-ли-зи-ро-ва-на.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪnɐt͡sʲɪjɐlʲɪˈzʲirəvənə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- де (de): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /d/ to /dʲ/ due to following /ɪ/.
- на (na): /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ци (tsi): /t͡sʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. Exception: /t͡s/ is a single phoneme, treated as a unit.
- о (o): /ɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- на (na): /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ли (li): /lʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /l/ to /lʲ/ due to following /ɪ/.
- зи (zi): /zʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /z/ to /zʲ/ due to following /ɪ/.
- ро (ro): /rɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ва (va): /vɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- на (na): /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Reduced vowel /ə/ in unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
The presence of palatalized consonants (dʲ, t͡sʲ, lʲ, zʲ) influences the pronunciation and can sometimes lead to ambiguity in syllable division for learners. However, the rules are consistently applied based on the following vowel.
8. Grammatical Role:
As a past passive participle, the syllabification remains consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: денационализирована (denatsionalizirovana)
- Part of Speech: Past Passive Participle (feminine singular)
- Definitions:
- "Deprived of national characteristics."
- "Nationalized property was returned to private ownership."
- Translation: Denationalized
- Synonyms: приватизирована (privatizirovana - privatized), дегосударствирована (degosudarstvenirovana - destatized)
- Antonyms: национализирована (natsionalizirovana - nationalized)
- Examples:
- "Фабрика была денационализирована." (Fabrika byla denatsionalizirovana - The factory was denationalized.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- национальность (natsional'nost'): na-tsi-o-nal'-nost'. Similar syllable structure, with vowel-consonant alternation.
- национальный (natsional'nyy): na-tsi-o-nal'-nyy. Similar syllable structure, with a final consonant cluster.
- интернациональный (internatsional'nyy): in-ter-na-tsi-o-nal'-nyy. Demonstrates the consistent application of syllable division before vowels, even with longer consonant clusters.
The key difference lies in the length and complexity of the word, with "денационализирована" having more prefixes and suffixes, leading to a longer sequence of syllables. However, the underlying principles of syllable division remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.