Hyphenation ofнизкоквалифицированную
Syllable Division:
низ-ко-квали-фици-рован-ную
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈnʲizkəkvɐlʲɪfʲɪtsɨˈrovənːəjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001001
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('квали').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: низ-
Old East Slavic origin, meaning 'low'.
Root: квалифицирован-
Derived from 'квалифицировать' (to qualify), ultimately from French 'qualifier' (Latin origin).
Suffix: -ную
Feminine singular past active participle ending.
Low-skilled
Translation: Low-skilled
Examples:
"низкоквалифицированную рабочую силу"
"низкоквалифицированную помощь"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar root and suffix structure, differing only in the initial prefix.
Similar root and suffix, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns.
Similar structure, with a different prefix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Rule
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel sound.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Consonant clusters are handled by dividing before each vowel.
Doubled consonants are treated as a single unit for syllabification in this case.
Summary:
The word 'низкоквалифицированную' is syllabified based on the vowel rule, dividing before each vowel sound. It consists of six syllables with primary stress on the third syllable. The word is an adjective meaning 'low-skilled' and is morphologically complex, comprising a prefix, root, and suffix.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "низкоквалифицированную" (низкоквалифицированную)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "низкоквалифицированную" is a long, complex adjective in Russian. It describes something or someone as "low-skilled" or "unqualified." The pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- низ- (niz-): Prefix, from Old East Slavic, meaning "low."
- квалифицирован- (kvalificirovan-): Root, derived from the verb "квалифицировать" (kvalificirovat') - to qualify, from French "qualifier" (Latin origin). This root carries the core meaning of skill or qualification.
- -ную (-nuyu): Suffix, feminine singular past active participle ending. Indicates gender, number, and aspect.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: квалифицированную.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈnʲizkəkvɐlʲɪfʲɪtsɨˈrovənːəjʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- низ (niz) - /ˈnʲiz/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- ко (ko) - /ˈkə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- квали (kvali) - /kɐˈlʲi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- фици (fitsi) - /fʲɪˈtsɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- рован (rovan) - /rɐˈvən/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. No exceptions.
- ную (nuyu) - /nːəˈjʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. The doubled 'н' (n) is a result of the past tense formation and is treated as a single consonant cluster for syllabification.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above breakdown adheres to the most common and accepted rules. The long consonant cluster "квалифицирован" is handled by dividing it before each vowel.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- низкоквалифицированную (nizkokvalificirovannuyu)
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Low-skilled"
- "Unqualified"
- "Lacking necessary skills"
- Translation: Low-skilled, unqualified
- Synonyms: неквалифицированную (nekvalificirovannuyu - unqualified), малоквалифицированную (malokvalificirovannuyu - poorly skilled)
- Antonyms: высококвалифицированную (vysokokvalificirovannuyu - highly skilled)
- Examples:
- "низкоквалифицированную рабочую силу" (nizkokvalificirovannuyu rabochuyu silu) - "low-skilled labor force"
- "низкоквалифицированную помощь" (nizkokvalificirovannuyu pomoshch') - "unqualified assistance"
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight vowel reductions or palatalization differences. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- высококвалифицированную (vysokokvalificirovannuyu) - "highly qualified" - Syllable division: вы-со-ко-квали-фици-рован-ную. Similar structure, differing only in the initial prefix.
- квалифицированный (kvalificirovannyj) - "qualified" (masculine) - Syllable division: квали-фици-рован-ный. Similar root and suffix, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns.
- неквалифицированный (nekvalificirovannyj) - "unqualified" (masculine) - Syllable division: не-квали-фици-рован-ный. Similar structure, with a different prefix.
The consistency in syllabification across these words demonstrates the rule-governed nature of Russian syllable structure. The division consistently occurs before vowels, even within complex consonant clusters.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.