Hyphenation ofультравысокочастотною
Syllable Division:
у-льтра-вы-со-ко-ча-стот-но-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ʊlʲtrɐ vɨsɐkɐˈt͡ɕastnɐjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010001
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('ко'). This is typical for compound adjectives in Russian.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, feminine instrumental ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ультра-
From Latin 'ultra' - beyond, excessively. Intensifier.
Root: часто-
From Proto-Slavic 'čęstъ' - often, frequent. Core meaning of frequency.
Suffix: -ою
Slavic origin. Feminine instrumental singular ending.
Extremely high-frequency.
Translation: Ultra-high-frequency
Examples:
"Ультравысокочастотною радиосвязью."
"Ультравысокочастотною терапией."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar root structure and adjective formation.
Similar root structure and adjective formation.
Shares the 'ультра-' prefix, demonstrating prefix-root interaction.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Hierarchy
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei, with consonants grouped according to their sonority.
Avoidance of Final Clusters
Russian generally avoids complex consonant clusters at the end of syllables.
Morphological Boundaries
Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a crucial phonetic aspect.
The palatalization of consonants influences syllable structure.
Summary:
The word 'ультравысокочастотною' is a complex adjective syllabified into nine syllables (у-льтра-вы-со-ко-ча-стот-но-ю) with stress on the fifth syllable ('ко'). It's formed from a Latin prefix ('ультра-'), Slavic roots ('высок-' and 'часто-'), and suffixes ('-тно-' and '-ою'). Syllabification follows sonority hierarchy and avoids final consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "ультравысокочастотною" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "ультравысокочастотною" is a complex adjective meaning "ultra-high-frequency." It's a relatively modern formation, heavily reliant on borrowed prefixes and compounding. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a hallmark of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoidance of syllable-final consonant clusters (where possible), the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
у-льтра-вы-со-ко-ча-стот-но-ю
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: ультра- (ultra-) - From Latin ultra meaning "beyond, excessively." Function: Intensifier.
- Root: высок- (vysok-) - From Proto-Slavic vysokъ meaning "high." Function: Core meaning of height/frequency.
- Root: часто- (chasto-) - From Proto-Slavic čęstъ meaning "often, frequent." Function: Core meaning of frequency.
- Suffix: -тно- (-tno-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns or verbs, indicating quality or relation. Origin: Slavic.
- Suffix: -ою (-oyu) - A feminine instrumental singular ending. Origin: Slavic.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ко. This is determined by the standard Russian stress placement rules, which are often unpredictable but in this case, follow a pattern common in compound adjectives.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ʊlʲtrɐ vɨsɐkɐˈt͡ɕastnɐjʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The combination of borrowed prefix and native roots presents a slight edge case. The vowel /ɨ/ in the second syllable is a reduced vowel, typical of unstressed positions in Russian. The palatalization of the /t/ in частотною is also a key phonetic feature.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the feminine instrumental singular form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case or gender.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Extremely high-frequency.
- Translation: Ultra-high-frequency
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: сверхвысокочастотный (sverkhvysokochastotnyy - super-high-frequency)
- Antonyms: низкочастотный (nizkochastotnyy - low-frequency)
- Examples:
- "Ультравысокочастотною радиосвязью." ("Using ultra-high-frequency radio communication.")
- "Ультравысокочастотною терапией." ("Using ultra-high-frequency therapy.")
9. Phonological Comparison:
- высокочастотный (vysokochastotnyy - high-frequency): вы-со-ко-ча-стот-ный. Similar structure, stress on the 'ко' syllable.
- низкочастотный (nizkochastotnyy - low-frequency): ни-зко-ча-стот-ный. Similar structure, stress on the 'ко' syllable.
- ультразвуковой (ultrazvukovoy - ultrasonic): уль-тра-зву-ко-вой. Similar prefix, stress on the 'зву' syllable, demonstrating stress can shift in compounds.
The consistent stress on a root syllable in these words highlights a common pattern in Russian adjective formation. The presence of the prefix 'ультра-' doesn't alter the core stress pattern established by the root morphemes.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Hierarchy: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei, with consonants grouped according to their sonority.
- Rule 2: Avoidance of Final Clusters: Russian generally avoids complex consonant clusters at the end of syllables.
- Rule 3: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries.
11. Special Considerations:
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a crucial phonetic aspect.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel quality (particularly /ɨ/) might occur depending on regional dialects. However, these variations do not significantly affect syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.