Hyphenation ofpięćdziesięciokilogramowej
Syllable Division:
pięć-dzię-się-cio-ki-lo-gra-mo-wej
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔkʲilɔɡramɔvɛj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000100001
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('cio'), as is typical in Polish. The primary stress is marked with '1', and unstressed syllables with '0'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster. Contains a nasal vowel.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant and a nasal vowel.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant and a nasal vowel.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, final consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: pięć
Numeral prefix meaning 'five', Proto-Slavic origin.
Root: dziesięć
Root meaning 'ten', Proto-Slavic origin.
Suffix: owej
Feminine genitive singular adjectival ending, Proto-Slavic origin.
Relating to or weighing fifty kilograms.
Translation: Of fifty kilograms.
Examples:
"Torba ważyła pięćdziesięciokilogramowej."
"Dostarczyli pięćdziesięciokilogramowej paczkę."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'pięć-dzię-się-' morphemes and similar syllable structure.
Shares the '-gram' root and similar syllable structure.
Shares the 'dzie-się-' root and similar vowel patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-centric Syllabification
Polish syllables generally center around vowels. Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a syllable.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are split based on sonority and phonotactic constraints. Clusters are often broken where a less sonorous consonant is followed by a more sonorous one.
Penultimate Stress
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable in most Polish words.
Morphemic Boundaries
Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries, separating prefixes, roots, and suffixes.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The presence of nasal vowels (ɛ̃) influences syllable structure.
Palatalized consonants (like ć, ś, ź, dź) affect syllable boundaries.
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
Summary:
The word 'pięćdziesięciokilogramowej' is a complex Polish adjective meaning 'of fifty kilograms'. It is divided into nine syllables based on vowel-centric syllabification and morphological boundaries, with stress on the penultimate syllable. The word's structure reflects Polish's agglutinative morphology and phonological features like nasal vowels and palatalized consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: "pięćdziesięciokilogramowej"
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "pięćdziesięciokilogramowej" is a highly inflected Polish adjective meaning "of fifty kilograms". It's a long word, typical of Polish, formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and nasal vowels, characteristic of the language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel-centric syllables and consider consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- pięć-: Numeral prefix meaning "five" (origin: Proto-Slavic *pętь).
- -dziesięć-: Root meaning "ten" (origin: Proto-Slavic *desętь).
- -okilo-: Combining form derived from "kilo" (origin: Greek khilioi - thousand).
- -gram-: Root meaning "gram" (origin: Greek gramma - weight).
- -owej: Feminine genitive singular adjectival ending (origin: Proto-Slavic). This indicates the word modifies a noun in the genitive case and is feminine singular.
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on "-cie-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔkʲilɔɡramɔvɛj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The presence of nasal vowels (ɛ̃) and consonant clusters (d͡ʑ, p͡ɕ, t͡ɕ) requires careful consideration. Polish allows for certain consonant clusters at syllable boundaries, but others are avoided. The "dz" cluster is treated as a single phoneme.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the feminine genitive singular form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the grammatical case.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or weighing fifty kilograms.
- Translation: Of fifty kilograms.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (relating to weight) pięćdziesięciokilowa, ważąca pięćdziesiąt kilogramów
- Antonyms: (relating to weight) lekka (light)
- Examples:
- "Torba ważyła pięćdziesięciokilogramowej." (The bag weighed fifty kilograms.)
- "Dostarczyli pięćdziesięciokilogramowej paczkę." (They delivered a fifty-kilogram package.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- pięćdziesięciu: /pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕu/ - Syllable division: pięć-dzię-się-ciu. Similar structure, but ending differs.
- kilogramów: /kʲilɔɡramɔf/ - Syllable division: ki-lo-gra-mów. Shares the "-gram" root and similar syllable structure.
- dziesięcioro: /d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔrɔ/ - Syllable division: dzie-się-cio-ro. Shares the "dzie-" root and similar vowel patterns.
The differences in syllable division arise from the different suffixes and endings, which dictate the final syllable structure.
Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-centric Syllabification: Polish syllables generally center around vowels.
- Consonant Cluster Handling: Consonant clusters are split based on sonority and phonotactic constraints.
- Penultimate Stress: Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
- Morphological Boundaries: Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.