Hyphenation ofдезоксирибонуклеиновую
Syllable Division:
де-зо-кси-ри-бо-ну-кле-и-но-вую
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪzɐksʲɪrʲɪbɐˈnuklʲɪɪnəvəjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
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Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('и' in 'и-но-вую').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, vowel-initial.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster 'кс', vowel-final.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster 'кл', vowel-final.
Open syllable, vowel-initial, stressed.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Closed syllable, vowel-final, suffix.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: де-
Greek origin (δέ-), meaning 'removal of, deprivation of'.
Root: окси-рибо-нукле-инов-
Combination of Greek (окси-), Latin (рибо-нукле-), and Indo-European (инов-) roots relating to acid, ribose, nucleus, and 'new/different' respectively.
Suffix: -ую
Indicates feminine gender, singular number, and genitive case.
Relating to deoxyribonucleic acid.
Translation: deoxyribonucleic
Examples:
"Дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота (Dezoksiribonukleinovaya kisota) - Deoxyribonucleic acid."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar vowel-consonant alternation and syllable structure.
Similar consonant clusters and vowel-centric syllables.
Similar vowel-consonant alternation and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Centric Syllable
Each syllable contains a vowel sound.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows, unless the cluster is a well-established phonetic unit (e.g., 'кс').
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed to maximize sonority (sound intensity).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'кс' cluster is treated as a single unit in pronunciation but is separated for syllabification.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables can occur in some regional dialects, but does not affect the core syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'дезоксирибонуклеиновую' is a complex Russian adjective divided into ten syllables based on vowel-centric principles and consonant cluster resolution. The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's a morphologically rich word with Greek, Latin, and Indo-European roots, indicating its technical nature.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "дезоксирибонуклеиновую" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "дезоксирибонуклеиновую" is a complex, highly inflected adjective meaning "deoxyribonucleic" (feminine, singular, genitive case). Its pronunciation is challenging due to the length and cluster of consonants.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel-centric syllables and consider consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- де- (de-): Prefix of Greek origin (δέ-), meaning "removal of," "deprivation of."
- окси- (oksi-): Root of Greek origin (ὀξύς), relating to "acid," "sharp."
- рибо- (ribo-): Root of Latin origin (ribos), relating to "ribose" (a sugar).
- нукле- (nukle-): Root of Latin origin (nucleus), relating to "nucleus."
- инов- (inov-): Root of Indo-European origin, denoting "new" or "different."
- -ую (-uyu): Suffix indicating feminine gender, singular number, and genitive case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: де-зо-кси-ри-бо-ну-кле-и́-но-вую.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪzɐksʲɪrʲɪbɐˈnuklʲɪɪnəvəjʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification allows for some flexibility with consonant clusters, but generally aims to break them after the first consonant if a vowel follows. The 'кс' cluster is treated as a single unit in pronunciation, but is separated for syllabification purposes.
7. Grammatical Role:
As an adjective, the word inflects for gender, number, and case. Syllabification remains consistent across inflections, though stress can shift.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: дезоксирибонуклеиновую (dezoksiribonukleinovuyu)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: deoxyribonucleic
- Synonyms: None readily available (it's a technical term).
- Antonyms: None readily available (it's a technical term).
- Examples:
- "Дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота" (Dezoksiribonukleinovaya kisota) - Deoxyribonucleic acid.
9. Phonological Comparison:
- информация (informatsiya): in-for-ma-tsi-ya - Similar vowel-consonant alternation.
- библиотека (biblioteka): bi-bli-o-te-ka - Similar consonant clusters and vowel-centric syllables.
- география (geografiya): ge-o-gra-fi-ya - Similar vowel-consonant alternation and stress pattern.
The key difference is the length and complexity of the consonant clusters in "дезоксирибонуклеиновую," requiring more careful application of syllabification rules.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in pronunciation might affect vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Division Rules:
- Vowel-Centric Syllable: Each syllable contains a vowel.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows.
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority (sound intensity).
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.