Hyphenation ofиндивидуалистическим
Syllable Division:
ин-ди-ви-ду-а-лис-ти-че-ским
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪndʲɪvʲɪdʊˈalʲɪstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010000
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('а́')
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, affricate.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ин-
Native Russian prefix, often negating or changing meaning.
Root: дивидуаль-
From Latin 'individualis' via French/German, denoting individuality.
Suffix: -ским
Adjectival case ending (instrumental masculine singular).
Relating to or characterized by individualism.
Translation: Individualistic
Examples:
"Индивидуалистическим подходом к образованию..."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and suffix.
Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Based Division
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel sound.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are grouped into syllables based on sonority, but are relatively straightforward in this word.
Palatalization Rule
Consonants are palatalized before the vowel 'и', influencing syllable structure.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before 'и'.
The affricate 'ч' is treated as a single consonant for syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'индивидуалистическим' is divided into nine syllables based on vowel sounds and consonant clusters. The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable. It's a complex adjective derived from Latin roots with multiple suffixes, exhibiting typical Russian phonological features like consonant palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "индивидуалистическим" (individualistic)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "индивидуалистическим" is a Russian adjective meaning "individualistic." It's a relatively long word with a complex structure, derived from the root "индивидуальный" (individual). Pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions and consonant assimilation, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): ин-ди-ви-ду-а-лис-ти-че-ским
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: ин- (in-) - Native Russian prefix, often negating or changing the meaning of the root.
- Root: дивидуаль- (individual-) - From Latin "individualis" via French/German. Denotes individuality.
- Suffix: -истическ- ( -istic-) - From French "-istique", denoting a quality or characteristic.
- Suffix: -им ( -ic) - Adjectival suffix.
- Suffix: -ским (-sky/ -ic) - Adjectival case ending (instrumental masculine singular).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ин-ди-ви-ду-а́-лис-ти-че-ским.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪndʲɪvʲɪdʊˈalʲɪstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪm/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- ин (in): /ɪn/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- ди (di): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'и'.
- ви (vi): /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'в' due to following 'и'.
- ду (du): /dʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- а (a): /a/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single vowel constitutes a syllable.
- лис (lis): /lʲɪs/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel forms a syllable. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'и'.
- ти (ti): /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'.
- че (t͡ɕe): /t͡ɕe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. 'ч' is an affricate, treated as a single consonant for syllabification.
- ским (skʲɪm): /skʲɪm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel forms a syllable. Palatalization of 'с' due to following 'и'.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification prioritizes vowel sounds. Consonant clusters are generally broken up based on sonority, but in this word, the clusters are relatively straightforward. The palatalization of consonants before 'и' is a key feature.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used attributively or predicatively).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: индивидуалистическим (individualisticheskim)
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Definition: Relating to or characterized by individualism.
- Translation: Individualistic
- Synonyms: самобытным (samobytnym - original, unique), независимым (nezavisimym - independent)
- Antonyms: коллективистским (kollektivistskim - collectivist)
- Examples: "Индивидуалистическим подходом к образованию..." (An individualistic approach to education...)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective, masculine, instrumental singular.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight vowel reductions or consonant softening. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- интеллектуальным (intellektual'nym): ин-тел-лек-ту-а́ль-ным - Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- реалистическим (realistichyeskim): ре-а-лис-ти́-че-ским - Similar suffix structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- материалистическим (materialisticheskim): ма-те-ри-а-лис-ти́-че-ским - Similar suffix structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
These words share similar patterns of vowel-consonant alternation and stress placement, demonstrating the consistency of Russian syllabification rules. The differences in syllable division arise from the different consonant and vowel sequences in the root morphemes.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.