Hyphenation ofконтрразведывательными

Linguistic Analysis of "контрразведывательными" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрразведывательными" is a complex adjective meaning "counterintelligence" (in the instrumental plural). It's a derived word with multiple prefixes and suffixes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

контр-раз-ве-ды-ва-тель-ны-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• контр- (kontr-): Prefix of Latin origin (from contra), meaning "counter-", "against".
• раз- (raz-): Prefix of Slavic origin, indicating separation, distribution, or completion of an action. In this context, it contributes to the meaning of "thorough" or "extensive" intelligence work.
• -веды- (-vedy-): Root, derived from the verb "ведать" (vedat’) – "to know," "to be aware of." Related to the concept of knowledge and intelligence.
• -ва- (-va-): Interfix, connecting the root to the suffix.
• -тель- (-tel’): Suffix of Slavic origin, forming agent nouns (one who performs the action).
• -ны- (-ny-): Suffix indicating plural form.
• -ми (-mi): Suffix indicating instrumental plural case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ны-": контрразведывательными.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənʲtrɐz‿vʲɪˈdɨvətʲɪlʲnɨmʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction significantly impacts perceived syllable boundaries. The "в" after "р" can sometimes lead to debate, but it's generally considered part of the following syllable due to the sonority hierarchy.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the instrumental plural case. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it modifies a noun.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to counterintelligence activities.
• Translation: Counterintelligence
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: разведывательные (razvedyvatel’nye - intelligence), контршпионские (kontrshpionskie - counter-espionage)
• Antonyms: разведывательные (razvedyvatel’nye - intelligence)
• Examples:
  • "Контрразведывательными мерами были предотвращены теракты." (Kontrrazvedyvatel’nymi merami byli predotvrashcheny terakty.) - "Counterintelligence measures prevented the terrorist attacks."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• разведка (razvedka - intelligence): раз-вед-ка /rɐzˈvʲɛdkə/ - Similar prefix "раз-", but a simpler structure.
• контрнаступление (kontrnastupleniye - counteroffensive): контр-на-ступ-ле-ни-е /kənʲtrɐnɐˈstupʲɪnʲɪjə/ - Shares the "контр-" prefix, demonstrating consistent syllabification.
• правительственный (pravitel’stvennyy - governmental): пра-ви-тель-ствен-ный /prɐˈvʲɪtʲɪlʲstvʲɪnːɨj/ - Demonstrates a similar pattern of suffixation and stress placement, though lacking the initial prefixes.

10. Division Rules:

• Onset Maximization: Syllables tend to maximize their onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable).
• Sonority Sequencing: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority (ability to be pronounced as a vowel-like sound).
• Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable generally contains a vowel.
• Prefix/Suffix Boundaries: Morphemic boundaries often coincide with syllable boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction is a significant factor. Unstressed vowels are often reduced to schwa-like sounds (/ə/ or /ɪ/). This doesn't affect the written syllable division, but it impacts pronunciation. The "в" after "р" is a potential point of ambiguity, but is generally considered part of the following syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist, but they don't typically alter the syllable division.

13. Short Analysis:

"контрразведывательными" is a complex Russian adjective meaning "counterintelligence." It's divided into syllables as контр-раз-ве-ды-ва-тель-ны-ми, with stress on the "-ны-" syllable. The word is formed from prefixes "контр-" and "раз-", the root "-веды-", and several suffixes indicating agent, plural, and instrumental case. Its phonetic transcription is /kənʲtrɐz‿vʲɪˈdɨvətʲɪlʲnɨmʲɪ/.