Hyphenation ofконтрразведывательною

Linguistic Analysis of "контрразведывательною" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрразведывательною" is a complex adjective meaning "counterintelligence-related" or "of counterintelligence." It's a highly derived word, typical of Russian, and presents challenges in syllabification due to consonant clusters and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. The pronunciation involves palatalization of consonants before 'е' and 'ё'.

2. Syllable Division:

контр-раз-ве-ды-ва-тель-но-ю

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: контр- (from French contre via German/Polish) - meaning "counter," "against."
• Root: -развед- (from razved- meaning "reconnaissance," "intelligence gathering") - related to the verb разведывать (razvedyvat’ - to scout, to gather intelligence).
• Suffixes:
  • -ыва- (verbal suffix forming a processive verb)
  • -тель- (suffix forming an agent noun, "agent")
  • -но- (suffix forming an adjective)
  • -ю (feminine singular nominative/accusative adjectival ending)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-тель-".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənˈtr‿rɐz‿vʲɪˈdɨvətʲɪlʲnəjʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• контр-: /kənˈtr/ - Syllable division rule: Sonority Sequencing Principle. Consonant clusters are broken based on the decreasing sonority of sounds. 'н' is more sonorous than 'т' and 'р', so the division occurs between 'н' and 'т'.
• раз-: /rɐz/ - Syllable division rule: Open syllable preference. Russian prefers open syllables (ending in a vowel).
• ве-: /vʲɪ/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'е' forms the nucleus of the syllable. Palatalization of 'в' due to following 'е'.
• ды-: /dɨ/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'ы' forms the nucleus of the syllable.
• ва-: /vətʲɪ/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'а' forms the nucleus of the syllable. Palatalization of 'в' due to following 'е'.
• тель-: /tʲɪlʲ/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'е' forms the nucleus of the syllable. Palatalization of 'т'. This is the stressed syllable.
• но-: /nə/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'о' forms the nucleus of the syllable. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.
• ю: /jʊ/ - Syllable division rule: Vowel as syllable nucleus. 'ю' forms the nucleus of the syllable.

7. Edge Case Review & Exceptions:

The word is a prime example of Russian's tendency to create long words through extensive affixation. The consonant clusters are typical but require careful application of sonority sequencing. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation and can sometimes obscure syllable boundaries.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

The word is an adjective. If it were part of a compound noun, the stress and potentially the syllabification could shift, but this is less common with such a complex adjective.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: контрразведывательною
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Relating to counterintelligence"
  • "Of counterintelligence"
• Translation: Counterintelligence
• Synonyms: разведывательному (intelligence-related), шпионскому (spy-related)
• Antonyms: открытому (open, public)
• Examples:
  • "Контрразведывательное управление" (Counterintelligence Directorate)
  • "Контрразведывательная деятельность" (Counterintelligence activity)

10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in "но" even further.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• разведчик (razvedchik - scout): раз-вед-чик. Similar structure with the root razved- and suffixes. Stress on the second syllable.
• разведка (razvedka - reconnaissance): раз-вед-ка. Similar root, simpler suffixation. Stress on the second syllable.
• контрнаступление (kontrnastuplenie - counteroffensive): контр-на-ступ-ле-ни-е. Similar prefix kontr- and complex suffixation. Stress on the third syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying suffix structures and the overall length of the words. The syllable division rules remain consistent across these examples.