Hyphenation ofконтрразведывательные

Linguistic Analysis of "контрразведывательные" (kontrrazvedyvatel'nye)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрразведывательные" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "counterintelligence." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

контр-раз-ве-ды-ва-тель-ные

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: контр- (kontr-) - From French "contre" (against). Function: Denotes opposition or counteraction.
• Root: развед- (razved-) - From "разведать" (razvedat') - to scout, to investigate. Function: Core meaning related to intelligence gathering.
• Suffixes:
  • -ыва- (-yva-) - Infinitive suffix, forming a verbal adjective.
  • -тель- (-tel') - Denotes an agent or someone who performs the action.
  • -ные (-nye) - Adjectival suffix, forming a passive participle or adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: контрразведыва́тельные.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənʲtrɐz‿vʲɪdʲɪˈvatʲɪlʲnʲɪjə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• контр- (kontr-): /kənʲtr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a sonorant (vowel or resonant consonant). Exception: The 'т' is followed by a consonant cluster, but the syllable is still formed before the 'р'.
• раз- (raz-): /rɐz/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
• ве- (ve-): /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'в' due to following 'е'.
• ды- (dy-): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'ы'.
• ва- (va-): /vɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Vowel reduction of 'а' to /ɐ/ in an unstressed position.
• тель- (tel'): /tʲɪlʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'.
• ные (nye): /nʲɪjə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'е'.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllable structure is relatively simple, favoring open syllables. The main challenge lies in vowel reduction in unstressed positions. The palatalization of consonants before front vowels ('е', 'и', 'ё', 'ю', 'я') is crucial for accurate pronunciation.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: контрразведывательные (kontrrazvedyvatel'nye)
• Translation: Counterintelligence (adjective)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: разведывательные (razvedyvatel'nye - intelligence), антишпионские (antishpionskie - anti-spy)
• Antonyms: разведывательные (razvedyvatel'nye - intelligence)
• Examples: "контрразведывательные операции" (kontrrazvedyvatel'nye operatsii - counterintelligence operations); "контрразведывательные службы" (kontrrazvedyvatel'nye sluzhby - counterintelligence services).

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• разведка (razvedka) - intelligence: раз-вед-ка /rɐz‿vʲɪdʲˈka/ - Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent division before vowels.
• разработка (razrabotka) - development: раз-ра-бо-тка /rɐz‿rɐˈbotkə/ - Shows the consistent application of syllable division before vowels, even with a longer word.
• интеллектуальные (intellektual'nye) - intellectual: ин-тел-лек-ту-аль-ные /ɪnʲtʲɪlʲɪkˈtuɐlʲnʲɪjə/ - Demonstrates the consistent application of syllable division before vowels and palatalization.