Hyphenation ofмалораспространённой

Linguistic Analysis of "малораспространённой" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "малораспространённой" is a long, complex adjective meaning "little-distributed" or "not widely spread." It's formed through a series of prefixes and suffixes attached to a root. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): ма-ло-рас-про-стра-нён-ной

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ма- (from малый - "small, little"). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Denotes a small degree of the following quality.
• Root: -рас- (from рас- - "wide, spread"). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates distribution or spreading.
• Suffixes:
  • -про- (linking suffix, often found in verbs and adjectives). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Connects the root to the following suffix.
  • -стра- (part of the root complex, related to spreading). Origin: Proto-Slavic.
  • -нённ- (suffix forming a passive participle). Origin: Slavic. Function: Indicates a passive quality or state.
  • -ой (adjectival ending, feminine singular genitive/instrumental). Origin: Slavic. Function: Marks grammatical gender, number, and case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: рас-про-стра-нён-ной.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mɐɫɐrɐsprɐˈstrænʲɪnːəj/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• ма- /mɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division.
• ло- /ɫɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• рас- /rɐs/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'с' closes the syllable.
• про- /prɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus 'о'.
• стра- /strɐ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'стр' closes the syllable.
• нён- /nʲɪn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'н' closes the syllable. Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'я'.
• ной /nːəj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'й' closes the syllable. Gemination of 'н' due to preceding 'нён'.

7. Edge Case Review:

The gemination of 'н' (нённой) is a common feature in Russian when suffixes with 'н' are added to stems ending in 'н'. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also a key consideration.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function (e.g., as a predicate adjective or an attributive adjective).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: малораспространённой
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Not widely distributed"
  • "Rare"
  • "Uncommon"
• Translation: "little-spread"
• Synonyms: редкой (redkoy - rare), необычной (neobychnoy - unusual)
• Antonyms: распространённой (rasprostranyonnoy - widespread, common)
• Examples:
  • "Это очень малораспространённое явление." (Eto ochen' malorasprostranyonnoye yavleniye.) - "This is a very rare phenomenon."
  • "Малораспространённые виды растений нуждаются в защите." (Malorasprostranyonnyye vidy rasteniy nuzhdayutsya v zashchite.) - "Rare plant species need protection."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy): ма-ло-рас-про-стра-нён-ной vs. рас-про-стра-нён-ный. The initial "ма-" is the difference, affecting the first two syllables.
• распространённость (rasprostranyonnost'): рас-про-стра-нён-ность. The final suffix changes, but the core syllable structure remains similar.
• малоизвестный (maloizvestnyy): ма-ло-из-вест-ный. Similar prefix structure ("ма-ло-"), but different root and suffixes, leading to a different syllable division after the prefix.