Hyphenation ofмалораспространенным

Linguistic Analysis of "малораспространенным" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "малораспространенным" is a Russian adjective meaning "little-spread," "not widespread," or "rare." It's a passive participle in the instrumental case, masculine singular. Pronunciation involves a complex interplay of vowel reduction and consonant palatalization, typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ма-ло-рас-про-стра-нен-ным

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ма- (from мало - "little," "few"). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Quantitative prefix, indicating a small degree.
• Root: -рас- (from рас- - a prefix denoting distribution, spreading). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating spreading or distribution.
• Root: -стра- (from стра- - related to suffering, hardship, or in this context, spreading). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Root relating to spreading.
• Suffix: -ненн- (passive participle suffix). Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms the passive participle.
• Suffix: -ым (instrumental case, masculine singular ending). Origin: Slavic. Function: Grammatical case marker.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ма-ло-рас-про-стра-нен-ным.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mɐɫɐrɐs.prɐˈstræn.nɨm/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are often broken up, but the goal is to create syllables with a clear beginning and end. Vowel reduction is significant in unstressed syllables, affecting the phonetic realization but not the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

As a passive participle, the word functions as an adjective. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical role within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: малораспространенным
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (passive participle)
• Translation: little-spread, not widespread, rare
• Synonyms: редким (redkim - rare), немногочисленным (nemnogochislennym - few in number)
• Antonyms: распространенным (rasprostranennym - widespread, common)
• Examples:
  • "Это явление является малораспространенным." (Eto yavlenie yavlyaetsya malorasprostranennym. - This phenomenon is rare.)
  • "Малораспространенным видом спорта является керлинг." (Malorasprostranennym vidom sporta yavlyaetsya kerling. - Curling is a little-spread sport.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• распространенный (rasprostranennyy): рас-про-стра-нен-ный. Similar structure, stress on the 'nen' syllable.
• малоизвестный (maloizvestnyy): ма-ло-из-вест-ный. Similar prefix 'мало', stress on the 'vest' syllable.
• широкораспространенный (shirokorasprostranennyy): ши-ро-ко-рас-про-стра-нен-ный. Longer, with an additional prefix, but maintains the 'распространенный' root and stress pattern.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying prefixes and suffixes, but the core 'распространенный' portion consistently divides in the same manner.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are typically divided between vowels and consonants (e.g., ма-ло).
• Rule 2: Maximizing Onsets: Consonant clusters are often broken to create syllables with onsets (e.g., рас-про).
• Rule 3: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to follow a sonority hierarchy, with more sonorous sounds (vowels, liquids) forming syllable nuclei.
• Rule 4: Prefix/Suffix Boundaries: Morphemic boundaries often coincide with syllable boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation. This doesn't affect the written syllable division, but it significantly alters the spoken realization of the word. The 'o' in 'мало' is reduced to /ɐ/.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or consonant palatalization. However, these variations generally don't alter the fundamental syllable structure.