Hyphenation ofмалораспространённом

Linguistic Analysis of "малораспространённом" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "малораспространённом" is a Russian adjective in the instrumental singular masculine form. It's a relatively complex word, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ма-ло-рас-про-стра-нён-ном

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• мало- (malo-): Prefix, derived from Proto-Slavic malъ meaning "little, few". Function: Denotes a small degree of the quality expressed by the root.
• рас- (ras-): Prefix, derived from Proto-Slavic ras- meaning "wide, spread, apart". Function: Indicates distribution or dissemination.
• простран- (prostran-): Root, derived from Proto-Slavic prostrъ meaning "space, expanse". Function: Core meaning related to extent or spread.
• -ённ- (-jenn-): Suffix, a participial suffix derived from Proto-Slavic. Function: Forms a passive past participle.
• -ом (-om): Case ending, instrumental singular masculine. Function: Indicates the instrument or means by which an action is performed.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: рас-про-стра-нён-ном.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mɐɫɐrɐs.prɐˈstrænʲɪn.nəm/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure. However, certain consonant clusters are considered inseparable. In this word, the 'стр' cluster is a typical example of a permissible cluster, but the 'нён' cluster is broken up due to the palatalization of the 'н'.

7. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the syllabification and stress remain consistent across different contexts. However, if the root were used as a noun (e.g., "пространство" - space), the stress pattern would shift.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• малораспространённом (malorasprostranennom)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • "little-spread"
    • Translation: "little-known," "not widespread," "rarely encountered."
  • Synonyms: редком (redkom - rare), немногочисленном (nemnogochislennom - few in number)
  • Antonyms: распространённом (rasprostranennom - widespread), известном (izvestnom - well-known)
  • Examples:
    • "Это явление малораспространённом в нашей стране." (Eto yavlenie malorasprostranennom v nashey strane.) - "This phenomenon is little-known in our country."
    • "Он изучал малораспространённые языки." (On izuchal malorasprostranenniye yazyki.) - "He studied rarely encountered languages."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy): рас-про-стра-нён-ный. Stress on 'нён'. Syllable division is similar, but the final suffix changes the number of syllables.
• малоизвестный (maloizvestnyy): ма-ло-из-вест-ный. Stress on 'вест'. Similar prefix 'мало-', but different root and suffix.
• широкораспространённый (shirokorasprostranyonnyy): ши-ро-ко-рас-про-стра-нён-ный. Stress on 'нён'. Demonstrates how prefixes can be added, increasing syllable count.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Vowel reduction can vary slightly depending on dialect. Some speakers might pronounce unstressed 'о' as a weaker /ɐ/ sound. However, the syllable division remains consistent.

11. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with a peak (nucleus) typically being a vowel.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure, unless the cluster is considered inseparable.
• Rule 3: Prefix/Suffix Separation: Prefixes and suffixes generally form separate syllables.
• Rule 4: Vowel-Based Division: Vowels typically mark syllable boundaries.