Hyphenation ofпротивотуберкулёзному
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-лёз-но-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prətʲɪvɐtʊbʲɪrkʊˈlʲɵznəmʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000000100
Primary stress falls on the syllable '-лёз-' (seventh syllable).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: про-
Proto-Slavic origin, denotes direction/opposition.
Root: туберкулёз-
International scientific vocabulary, from 'tuberculosis'.
Suffix: -ному
Russian dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.
Relating to the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis.
Translation: Anti-tuberculosis
Examples:
"Противотуберкулёзному диспансеру"
"Противотуберкулёзному лечению"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar prefix and structure with a compound root.
Similar prefix and structure, demonstrating stress shift.
Shows the root syllable division without the prefix and dative ending.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant-Vowel Split
Syllables are generally formed around a vowel.
Maximizing Onsets
Consonant clusters are kept together at the beginning of a syllable.
Vowel Cluster Separation
Vowel clusters are typically split into separate syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation.
The 'ль' cluster is generally treated as a single unit, but can be split in certain contexts.
Summary:
The word 'противотуберкулёзному' is a complex Russian adjective meaning 'anti-tuberculosis'. It is divided into nine syllables, with stress on the seventh syllable ('-лёз-'). The syllabification follows standard Russian rules of consonant-vowel splitting, maximizing onsets, and separating vowel clusters. The word consists of a prefix 'про-', a root 'туберкулёз-', and a dative suffix '-ному'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противотуберкулёзному" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противотуберкулёзному" is a complex adjective meaning "anti-tuberculosis" (dative singular masculine/neuter). It's a relatively long word with several morphemes and potential syllabification challenges due to vowel clusters and consonant clusters. The pronunciation involves palatalization and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-лёз-но-му
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: про- (pro-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Denotes direction, opposition, or completion.
- Root: туберкулёз- (tuberkulëz-) - Origin: International scientific vocabulary, from "tuberculosis". Function: Core meaning related to tuberculosis.
- Suffix: -ному (-nomu) - Origin: Russian. Function: Dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-лёз-": про-ти-во-ту-бер-ку-лёз-но-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prətʲɪvɐtʊbʲɪrkʊˈlʲɵznəmʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable). Vowel clusters are usually split, with each vowel forming a separate syllable. The 'ль' cluster is treated as a single unit in many cases, but can be split depending on the surrounding sounds.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the grammatical case.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis.
- Translation: Anti-tuberculosis
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: противотуберкулезный (protivotuberkuleznyy)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- "Противотуберкулёзному диспансеру" (To the anti-tuberculosis dispensary)
- "Противотуберкулёзному лечению" (To anti-tuberculosis treatment)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- противовируснóму (protivovirusnomu): "anti-viral" - Syllable division: про-ти-во-ви-рус-но-му. Similar structure with a prefix and compound root. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
- противоаллерги́ческому (protivoallergícheskomu): "anti-allergic" - Syllable division: про-ти-во-ал-лер-ги́-че-ско-му. Stress falls on the 'ги' syllable. Demonstrates how stress can shift with different root vowels.
- туберкулёзный (tuberkulëznyy): "tuberculous" - Syllable division: ту-бер-ку-лёз-ный. Shows the root syllable division without the prefix and dative ending.
Division Rules Applied:
- Rule 1: Consonant-Vowel Split: Syllables are generally formed around a vowel. (e.g., про-ти-)
- Rule 2: Maximizing Onsets: Consonant clusters are kept together at the beginning of a syllable whenever possible. (e.g., ту-бер-)
- Rule 3: Vowel Cluster Separation: Vowel clusters are typically split into separate syllables. (e.g., ку-лёз-)
- Rule 4: Palatalized Consonants: Palatalized consonants tend to stay with the following vowel.
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Proper hyphenation improves readability by reducing the unevenness of word spacing and unnecessary large gaps. It also helps avoid confusion that may occur when part of a word carries over. Ideal hyphenation should break words according to pronunciation and syllables. Most word processors and publishing apps have automated tools to handle hyphenation effectively based on language rules and dictionaries. Though subtle, proper hyphenation improves overall typography and reading comfort.