Hyphenation ofдвухсоткилограммовый
Syllable Division:
двух-сот-ки-ло-грам-мо-вый
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dvuxsɐtʲkʲɪlɐˈɡramːəvɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010001
Primary stress falls on the third syllable 'ки' (ki). Unstressed vowels undergo reduction.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed, stressed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, geminate consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, adjectival ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: двух-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates 'two'.
Root: килограмм-
International scientific vocabulary (Greek/French), indicates 'kilogram'.
Suffix: -ый
Russian origin, adjectival ending.
Two hundred kilogram; 200-kilogram
Translation: 200-kilogram
Examples:
"двухсоткилограммовый мешок"
"двухсоткилограммовый атлет"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Complex structure with multiple roots and suffixes.
Similar prefix and root structure.
Similar structure, different numerical prefix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken before vowels, especially with obstruents.
Vowel-to-Vowel Separation
Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a separate syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Pronunciation of 'в' after 'двух' as /u/.
Geminate consonants pronounced as a single lengthened consonant.
Summary:
The word 'двухсоткилограммовый' is a complex adjective meaning '200-kilogram'. It's syllabified as двух-сот-ки-ло-грам-мо-вый, with stress on the third syllable. It's formed from a prefix, two roots, and two suffixes, following standard Russian syllabification rules based on sonority and consonant cluster resolution.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "двухсоткилограммовый" (dvukhсотkilogrammovyy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "двухсоткилограммовый" is a complex adjective meaning "two hundred kilogram" or "200-kilogram". It's formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
двух-сот-ки-ло-грам-мо-вый
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: двух- (dvukh-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates the number "two".
- Root: сот- (sot-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates "hundred".
- Root: килограмм- (kilogramm-) - Origin: International scientific vocabulary (Greek/French). Function: Indicates "kilogram".
- Suffix: -ов- (-ov-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Connects the two roots.
- Suffix: -ый (-yy) - Origin: Russian. Function: Adjectival ending, masculine singular nominative/accusative.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: ки- (ki-).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dvuxsɐtʲkʲɪlɐˈɡramːəvɨj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The combination of consonants (ст, км, мв) requires careful consideration of permissible syllable onsets and codas in Russian. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also crucial.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. While it describes a quantity, it functions adjectivally, modifying a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its role in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Two hundred kilogram; 200-kilogram.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
- Translation: 200-kilogram
- Synonyms: None readily available without specifying the noun it modifies.
- Antonyms: (Depending on context) Малограммовый (malogrammovyy - low-weight)
- Examples:
- "двухсоткилограммовый мешок" (dvukhсотkilogrammovyy meshok) - a 200-kilogram sack
- "двухсоткилограммовый атлет" (dvukhсотkilogrammovyy atlet) - a 200-kilogram athlete
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Трехсотпятидесятирублевый (trekhsotpyatidesyatilevly) - "three hundred and fifty ruble". Syllables: трех-сот-пя-ти-де-ся-ти-руб-ле-вый. Similar complex structure with multiple roots and suffixes. Stress falls on "пя" (pya).
- Четырехсотстраничный (chetyrekhsotstranichny) - "four hundred page". Syllables: че-ты-рех-сот-стра-нич-ный. Similar prefix and root structure. Stress falls on "стра" (stra).
- Пятисотграммовый (pyatisotgrammovyy) - "five hundred gram". Syllables: пя-ти-сот-грам-мо-вый. Similar structure, but with a different numerical prefix. Stress falls on "грам" (gram).
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters and vowel qualities within each word. Russian allows for certain consonant clusters in syllable codas but not others, influencing the division.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to be formed around a sonority peak (vowel). Consonants are assigned to the syllable that maximizes sonority.
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: When consonant clusters occur, Russian generally prefers to break them before a vowel, especially if the cluster involves obstruents (stops, fricatives).
- Rule 3: Vowel-to-Vowel Separation: Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a separate syllable.
11. Special Considerations:
The "в" (v) after "двух" (dvukh) is often pronounced as /u/ due to vowel reduction and assimilation. The geminate consonants (граммовый) are pronounced as a single lengthened consonant.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.