Hyphenation ofобщемашиностроительные
Syllable Division:
об-ще-ма-ши-но-стро-и-тель-ны-е
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐˈɕːɛmɐʂɨnəstrɐˈitʲɪlʲnɨjɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0100010001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('строи').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, consonant-vowel structure.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant-vowel structure.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel structure.
Open syllable, retroflex consonant-vowel structure.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel structure, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, consonant cluster-vowel structure.
Syllable nucleus consisting of a vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant-vowel structure.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel structure, vowel reduction.
Syllable nucleus consisting of a vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: общ-
From Old East Slavic *obьštь*, meaning 'common, general'. Denotes generality.
Root: маш-
Derived from *машина* (mashina) - 'machine'. Indicates the object or field of activity.
Suffix: строи-тельн-ые
Root 'строи-' from *строить* (stroit’) - 'to build', suffix '-тельн-' forming adjectives, ending '-ые' indicating adjectival plural nominative/accusative.
General machine-building
Translation: General machine-building
Examples:
"общемашиностроительные предприятия"
"общемашиностроительные технологии"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'маш-' and exhibits a similar open syllable pattern.
Shares the root 'строи-' and demonstrates similar consonant cluster patterns.
Demonstrates a complex word structure with multiple suffixes, similar to 'общемашиностроительные'.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Placement
Syllables are formed around vowel sounds, with consonants assigned to the adjacent syllable.
Onset-Rime
Each syllable consists of an onset (initial consonant(s)) and a rime (vowel and any following consonants).
Consonant Clusters
Permissible consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable are maintained.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'е'.
The presence of the interfix '-ино-'.
Summary:
The word 'общемашиностроительные' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified based on vowel placement and onset-rime structure. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's morphologically rich, combining a prefix, root, interfix, and suffixes to denote 'general machine-building'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "общемашиностроительные" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "общемашиностроительные" is a complex adjective meaning "general machine-building" or "related to general machine building." It's a relatively long word, typical of Russian's agglutinative morphology. Pronunciation involves several vowel reductions and palatalization, common in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel placement and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- общ- (obshch-): Prefix, from Old East Slavic obьštь meaning "common, general." Function: denotes generality.
- -маш- (-mash-): Root, derived from машина (mashina) - "machine." Function: indicates the object or field of activity.
- -ино- (-ino-): Interfix, connecting the root to the following suffix. Function: creates a compound word.
- -строи- (-stroi-): Root, derived from строить (stroit’) - "to build." Function: indicates the action or process.
- -тельн- (-tel’n-): Suffix, from Old Slavic, forming adjectives from verbs or nouns. Function: creates an adjective meaning "related to."
- -ые (-ye): Ending, adjectival plural nominative/accusative. Function: indicates grammatical gender, number, and case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: о́бщемашинострои́тельные.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐˈɕːɛmɐʂɨnəstrɐˈitʲɪlʲnɨjɪ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Description | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| об | /ɐp/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | |
| ще | /ɕːɛ/ | Onset-Rime: Palatalized consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | Palatalization of 'щ' is crucial. |
| ма | /ma/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | |
| ши | /ʂɨ/ | Onset-Rime: Retroflex consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | |
| но | /nɐ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| стро | /strɐ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | Consonant cluster is permissible at the beginning of a syllable. |
| и | /i/ | Vowel as a syllable nucleus. | Open syllable. | |
| тель | /tʲɪlʲ/ | Onset-Rime: Palatalized consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | Palatalization of 'т' is crucial. |
| ны | /nɨ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant followed by vowel. | Open syllable. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| е | /jɪ/ | Vowel as a syllable nucleus. | Open syllable. |
7. Edge Case Review:
The consonant cluster "стр" is permissible in Russian syllable structure. The palatalization of consonants before "е" is a key feature of Russian phonology. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- общемашиностроительные (obshchemashinostroitel'nye)
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "General machine-building"
- "Relating to general machine building"
- Translation: "General machine-building"
- Synonyms: машиностроительные (mashinostroitel'nye - machine-building), производственные (proizvodstvennye - production)
- Antonyms: специализированные (spetsializirovannye - specialized)
- Examples:
- "общемашиностроительные предприятия" (obshchemashinostroitel'nye predpriyatiya) - "general machine-building enterprises"
- "общемашиностроительные технологии" (obshchemashinostroitel'nye tekhnologii) - "general machine-building technologies"
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| машина (mashina) | ма-ши-на | Similar root structure; open syllable pattern. |
| строительство (stroitel'stvo) | стро-и-тель-ство | Shares the root "строи-" and exhibits similar consonant cluster patterns. |
| промышленность (promyshlennost') | про-мыш-лен-ность | Demonstrates a complex word structure with multiple suffixes, similar to "общемашиностроительные." |
The syllable division in these words consistently follows the principle of maximizing onsets and adhering to vowel placement. The presence of consonant clusters and palatalization is also consistent across these examples.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.