Hyphenation ofобщераспространенным

Linguistic Analysis of "общераспространенным" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "общераспространенным" is a Russian adjective meaning "common, widespread." It's a relatively long word with a complex structure, featuring prefixes, a root, and multiple suffixes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: об- (ob-) - Old Slavic, prefix denoting "around, about, collectively." Functions to create a derivative adjective.
• Root: рас- (ras-) - Proto-Slavic, prefix denoting "spreading, dispersing." Functions to create a derivative adjective.
• Root: стран- (stran-) - Proto-Slavic, root meaning "foreign, strange, side."
• Suffix: -енн- (-enn-) - Slavic suffix forming adjectives from verbs or nouns, indicating a quality or state.
• Suffix: -ым (-ym) - inflectional suffix indicating masculine, instrumental singular case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fourth syllable: о́бщераспространенным.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɐˈɕːɛrɐspərɐˈstranʲɪnːɨm/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• об- (ob-): /ɐp/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ще- (shche-): /ɕːɛ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel. Potential exception: The 'щ' (shch) is a single phoneme, but is treated as a consonant cluster for syllabification.
• рас- (ras-): /rɐs/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• про- (pro-): /prɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• стран- (stran-): /strɐˈnʲ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality and syllable prominence. The palatalization of 'н' is due to the following vowel.
• ен- (en-): /ɪnː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel. The long 'н' is due to progressive assimilation.
• ным (nym): /nːɨm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. The long 'н' is due to progressive assimilation.

7. Edge Case Review:

The 'щ' (shch) sound presents a slight edge case, as it's a single phoneme but functions as a consonant cluster in syllabification. The long consonant 'н' is a result of progressive assimilation, a common feature in Russian phonology.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• общераспространенным (obshcherasprostranennym)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • "Common" - широко распространенный (shiroko rasprostranennyy)
    • "Widespread" - повсеместный (povsemestnyy)
  • Synonyms: распространенный (rasprostranennyy), обычный (obychnyy)
  • Antonyms: редкий (redkiy - rare), необычный (neobychnyy - unusual)
  • Examples:
    • "Это общераспространенное мнение." (Eto obshcherasprostranennoe mnenie.) - "This is a common opinion."
    • "Общераспространенным языком в России является русский." (Obshcherasprostranennym yazykom v Rossii yavlyaetsya russkiy.) - "The common language in Russia is Russian."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• распространенный (rasprostranennyy) - "common, widespread" (without the 'об-' prefix). Syllables: рас-про-стра-нен-ный. Similar structure, demonstrating the consistent application of syllabification rules.
• расширенный (rasshirennyy) - "expanded, extended". Syllables: рас-ши-рен-ный. Similar structure, showing how vowel-consonant patterns dictate syllable boundaries.
• упрощенный (uproshchennyy) - "simplified". Syllables: у-про-щен-ный. Demonstrates how prefixes influence syllable division, but the core rules remain consistent.