Hyphenation ofэлектролюминесцентном
Syllable Division:
элек-тро-лю-ми-нес-це́нт-ном
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪlʲɪktroʊlʲʉmʲɪnʲɪˈsʲɛntnəm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'це́нт'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster broken.
Open syllable, vowel-consonant-vowel pattern.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel pattern, palatalization.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel pattern, palatalization.
Closed syllable, consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, palatalization.
Closed, stressed syllable, consonant-vowel-consonant pattern.
Closed syllable, consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: элек-
From Greek 'elektron' (ἤλεκτρον) - amber, electricity.
Root: люмин-
From Latin 'lumen' - light.
Suffix: -есцент-ном
Latin '-escent' (becoming) + instrumental case ending '-ном'.
Relating to or exhibiting electroluminescence.
Translation: Electroluminescent
Examples:
"электролюминесцентный дисплей"
"электролюминесцентная краска"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and borrowed root.
Similar pattern of borrowed roots and suffixes.
Demonstrates handling of consonant clusters and stress placement in borrowed words.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if followed by a vowel.
Vowel-Consonant-Vowel
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei in a VCV pattern.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before front vowels (е, и, ю, я).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before front vowels.
Handling of consonant clusters in borrowed words.
Summary:
The word 'электролюминесцентном' is a complex adjective derived from Greek and Latin roots. Syllabification follows Russian rules prioritizing sonority and avoiding stranded consonants, with stress on the penultimate syllable. Palatalization and vowel reduction are key phonological features.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "электролюминесцентном" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "электролюминесцентном" is a complex adjective meaning "electroluminescent." It's a relatively long word with a mix of vowel and consonant clusters, typical of Russian words derived from Greek and Latin roots. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a key feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoid stranded consonants, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: элек- (elek-) - From Greek "elektron" (ἤλεκτρον) meaning "amber," referring to electricity.
- Root: люмин- (lumin-) - From Latin "lumen" meaning "light."
- Suffix: -есцент- (-escent-) - From Latin "-escent," denoting a process or state of becoming.
- Suffix: -ном (-nom) - Instrumental case ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: элек-тро-лю-ми-нес-це́нт-ном.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪlʲɪktroʊlʲʉmʲɪnʲɪˈsʲɛntnəm/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- элек- /ɪlʲɪk/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if it's followed by a vowel. Exception: The initial 'э' is often reduced to /ɪ/ in unstressed positions.
- тро- /tro/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-consonant-vowel pattern.
- лю- /lʲʉ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel pattern. Palatalization of 'л' due to following 'ю'.
- ми- /mʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel pattern. Palatalization of 'м' due to following 'и'.
- нес- /nʲɪs/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant pattern. Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'е'.
- це́нт- /t͡sʲɛnt/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant pattern. Stress influences vowel quality.
- ном /nəm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant pattern. Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables.
7. Edge Case Review:
The cluster "сцент" is relatively common in Russian borrowings and doesn't present a significant syllabification challenge. The palatalization of consonants before front vowels ('е', 'и', 'ю', 'я') is a consistent rule.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: электролюминесцентном
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Definition: Relating to or exhibiting electroluminescence.
- Translation: Electroluminescent
- Synonyms: светящийся (svetyashchiysya - glowing), люминесцирующий (lyuminesciruyushchiy - luminescing)
- Antonyms: не светящийся (ne svetyashchiysya - not glowing)
- Examples: "электролюминесцентный дисплей" (elektrolyuminescentnyy displey - electroluminescent display), "электролюминесцентная краска" (elektrolyuminescentnaya kraska - electroluminescent paint).
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on regional accents. However, these variations don't typically affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- автомобильном (avtomobil'nom): a-вто-мо-би́ль-ном. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
- телевизионном (televizionnom): те-ле-ви́-зи-он-ном. Similar pattern of borrowed roots and suffixes.
- компьютерном (komp'yuternom): ком-п'ю́-тер-ном. Demonstrates the handling of consonant clusters and stress placement in borrowed words.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word, but the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.